Thursday, August 27, 2020

Shadows in Fifth Business :: Fifth Business

Shadows in Fifth Business  Rates that happen in one's youth will in general influence them perhaps for the remainder of the remainder of their life.â This applies to the novel Fifth Business and the characters Dunstan Ramsey and Boy Staunton.â Throughout the lives of these characters Dunstan lives in the shadow of Boy because of sentiments of blame and duty because of one winter evening in the town of Deptford.  As Boy and Dunny grew up together they were every others closest companions and furthermore most exceedingly awful adversaries, yet they were on basicallyâ equivalent terms in their silly preliminaries of life.â This stayed to be valid until that winter day in Deptford when Mrs. Dempster was hit with a snowball that was intended for Dunny.â Since that point in time Dunny, being the additionally mindful and aside from of duty regarding different people groups issues, of the two, has not satisfied standard with the life of Boy Staunton.  Ever since the snowball mishap Dunny has been engrossed by worryingâ over Mary Dempster, and now her child Paul.â At the age of sixteen the humble community of Deptford turns out to be a lot for Dunny to deal with so he chooses to drop out of auxiliary school andâ join the Army.â Dunny required an adjustment in his life, something to get his psyche off Mrs. Dempster and the blame he felt for her.â Leading up to his flight to the War he never truly observed quite a bit of Mary, principally on the grounds that Mr. Dempster instructed him to remain away, yet in addition on the grounds that each time him saw her he was unable to keep down sentiments of blame and remorse.â This pained Dunny, substantially more then he could ever let on.â On the other hand, Boy was doing as well as could be, because of the way that he realized that a great part of the obligation of Mary and Paul was safely on the shoulders of Dunny.â â Dunny realized this also yet it was past the point where it is possible to do much about it aside from leave.  While Dunny was away at war, Boy was all the while completing school and during the time spent taking Dunny's young lady while he was away.â Boy and Dunstan had been seeking Leola for their entire life up until when Dunny left.â This misfortune for Dunstan could have been maintained a strategic distance from if in reality he had notâ acknowledged duty regarding the snowball episode he wouldn't have needed to leave and accordingly could have kept Leola.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Got any threes

Got any threes The floor on which I live, Conner 2, has a large TV. A large broken TV. As such, yesterday evening found a large majority of the residents of Conner 2 sitting in the floor lounge, eating Hsin Hsin (a great restaurant right across the bridge in Boston), and talking. Thats right, talking, no smash brothers, no mariokart, no zombies, just talking. We talked and talked and talked and talked, until eventually, the subject turned towards, well, fish. One thing youll notice if/when you attend MIT is that e-mail mailing lists are the lifeblood of this place. Theyre kind of like the MIT equivalent of the Facebook group. Everybodys on a bajillion mailing lists and never bothers to take themselves off of any of them. One particularly interesting mailing list is called Reuse. Id say almost every student is on Reuse. The idea behind Reuse is that if you ever have something that you no longer want, you just set it out in the hall, put a sign on it that says Reuse (the sign is actually optional) and then e-mail this mailing list with an item description and a location. Said item is now free game and the first person to get to it gets to have it. Items range from the boring (old clothes, magazines, etc) to the awesome (couches, projectors, computers, hard drives, etc). While most students are on Reuse, I suspect that most of the actual claiming of goods is courtesy of East Campus. A random number, pulled out of thin air, is that 75% of Reuse fodder probably is in East Campus right now. Anywho, Reuse, the other day an awesome Reuse post got mailed out. It was as follows: Currently located outside the PDL (35-307) A 6 foot tall, 8 foot long fish with teeth made of metal and plastic. The plumbing for the water screen all still works. It has wheels for easy relocation but it would probably be good to bring a friend to move it. Also, it looks really cool. Take and post. Ill admit, Id seen this fish before. In fact, I know the guy who made it, so it made for a great story to tell everybody in the floor lounge while we ate our Chinese food. I regaled them with stories of how the massive fish had been built, how it was a beautiful work of art, how water flowed gracefully across its screen, but also how theyd built it in the hallway and nobody had been able to get it down from the third floor because it was too big to fit anywhere. After my fanciful bit of storytelling I realized that I simply couldnt describe the physical appearance of this fish in such a way as to convey how awesome it truly was, so it was time for a field trip. I asked if anybody wanted to go look at the fish and Rob 12, Brandon 12, and Dorothy 12 all jumped at the opportunity. We headed towards campus from the dorm and ran into Becky 12, another freshman on the floor. Hey Becky, want to go look at a big fish? Ok! We kept going and saw Sara 12, another Conner 2 freshman, coming towards us. Hey Sara, want to go look at a big fish? Ok! Our group of six now headed to building 35, walked up stairs, realized that maintenance had blocked off the hallway, walked downstairs, walked down a hall, walked upstairs, turned right, and then saw a giant fish. Everybodys reaction to this fish is generally the same. It involves a certain amount of swearing, shock, and disbelief. Take minute to relieve yourselves of these things and then we can continue on with our story. ***** Ok, so, we have this giant fish. THEN, OMG, IT ATE SARA! After admiring the fish we talked about why it was still there, how nobody could get it out. Thats when, and I cant remember exactly who, but, some genius freshman decided that itd be a good idea to take the fish back to the dorm. Erm, sure, why not, I guess we could carry it down these 5 flights of stairs, we have enough people. Thus begins the Move the giant metal, PVC, and wooden steampunked fish screen across the campus to the dorm adventure! We each grabbed a corner, lifted the fish, and started very carefully down the stairwell. We twisted and maneuvered the fish expertly. We took a short rest on a landing but then continued down the stairs and made it outside. Once outside we were a trip across the street and down dorm row away from getting to the dorm. We began. We got stuck. We continued. The crosswalk was too far away to get to, especially since there was construction on the sidewalk for quite a ways, so there was a spectacularly dangerous, exciting, illegal, and hilarious moment where we waited for a break in the traffic on Mass Ave and the pushed the fish as fast as we could right across the street, playing a very large, metallic, real-life mod of Frogger. We made it to the other side, started pushing the fish again, and right when we made it to dorm row the entire fish lurched forward and there was a sickening crunching noise. The front left wheel had sheared off. Not willing to give up, we hoisted the fish up and carried it the remaining distance back to the dorm. Once at the dorm we really had no idea what to do with it so we just set it on a bench outside the main door and ran up to our floor to tell everybody what wed done. People started filtering outside to observe and shortly we had a crowd of about a dozen Conner 2 residents all staring at a large fish, laughing, and trying to figure out what to do with it. Just as we were discussing hoisting it onto our roof deck with ropes our housemaster walks up, on her way back to the dorm from somewhere. She looks at us. Then she looks at the fish. Then she looks at us. What is this!? (Thats her with the red hair) Its a fish! Hey, um, where do you think we can put this so it doesnt get thrown away? Um, well, um. How about our floor, will it get taken? Well, probably not, but how would you get it there? The stairs! You could almost hear her brain working. She looked at the fish and visualized the stairs. Im not sure thats going to work . . . Sure it will! At this point our GRTs (Graduate Resident Tutors, graduate students that live on each floor) walked up. Hi Nathan! Hi Susan! Do you like our fish??? Yeah, its great! Some more conversation and then we decided it was time to get the fish inside, upstairs, and settled into its new home. The first flight of stairs was no issue because it was a normal, wide, long flight of stairs. Heres the fish after having successfully reached the top. Oh, thats Dan 11 hiding behind it. Next it was time to actually enter the dorm, which required the assistance of the ever-important Sam 11 and Megan 11, door holding extraordinaires. After getting the fish into the dorm we carried it over to the stairwell. Thats right, stairwell. Meaning circular, tight, and vertical. Not a happy environment for a 6x8 heavy metal fish. The following chunk of blog is going to be a mix between text and images, in stream-of-consciousness style: And with all the gracefulness of a large aluminum fish, it entered the stairwell. No, no, its stuck. Push it that way. No, the other I cant, wait, whats happening. Its tail is caught, try to shove it, watch out for the light! This is a bad idea you guys. Theres no way this is going to work. Its going to work. Whats going on out . . . HOLY SH**! WHERED YOU GET THAT FISH!? Wait, what? Push it that way! Tail down and towards the wall, head up, but avoid the light. Careful Dan! Where did this come from? Snively found it. Snively! Hey, did you guys ever figure out how to . . . oh dear. *thumbs up!* Its been 20 minutes, can we take a break? But wed drop the fish! DONT DROP THE FISH! Nothing to see here, nothing to see here, just, you know, dont go into the stairwell. In the end we ended up retreating from the stairwell, taking the fish off of its wooden frame, and then taking it upstairs. It now lives happily in our elevator alcove, greeting everybody who comes to visit. An that, my friends, is the story of the big fish.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Should Animals Be Placed On Animal Testing - 1513 Words

The only law that has been created to regulate animal treatment is the Animal Welfare Act, according to InfoBase learning, â€Å"the law does not, however, ban the infliction of pain on animal subjects outright. Additionally, the Animal Welfare Act covers only dogs, cats, primates, rabbits, hamsters, and guinea pigs. It does not cover mice, rats, or birds.† While this law does set restrictions on animal testing, it does not cover all species used for research. Through this act, select animals are provided minimal protection, while the other animals are excluded. The animals that do receive the protection are still mistreated and abused, while the animals that are unaffected by the law are still being mistreated, to a greater degree. The animals deserve much better treatment and unfortunately have no control over whether or not they will be tested on. Because of the problems surrounding animal experimentation, limitations should be placed on animal testing because of ethical st andards, unreliability, and existing alternative methods. Imagine Max, a helpless dog, is going to get tested today, however not with the usual sort of tests we go in for. Instead, Max will be used as an experiment, an examination to see how his body will react to pesticides. There is no guarantee that Max will live through this trial. This is the case for many dogs in laboratories across the U.S., is it ethical? Many will agree that if Max was a human, things would be very different in the face ofShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1077 Words   |  5 Pages Did you know that in the United States alone 26 million animals are used in testing each year? Did you know the Federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA) does not protect 95% of animals in experiments and testing and that over 97 thousand animals that experience pain are not given drugs to ease the pain? That the United States and Gabon are the only two countries that allow testing on chimpanzees? Animal testing has been used worldwide and for many different matters, but does the use of it really help andRead MoreHave You Ever Seen A Cruelty Free Symbol In The Shape Of1430 Words   |  6 Pagescontents were made without it being tested on an animal first. But what if the symbol wasn’t on the bottle? Have you ever thought of what would happen to that bunny you would usually see in a pet store? To answer this question, commonly, animals put through experimentation are put through force feeding, food deprivation, and inflictions of wounds. That bunny probably is not okay right now. Cosmetic companies all over the world endanger the lives of animals to test toxicity and irritation of products.Read MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Eliminated1656 Words   |  7 Pagesabuse animals in medical research? People’s opinions on this topic will vary but as strong as an opinion can be, there is more to it than just that. After reading a lot of different articles on animal testing, it has not been as beneficial to humans as we think. People misunderstand the cruelty and torture animals are put through in their lives, and are unaware or just simply don’t understand the procedures and techniques that they endure. Animal experimentation should be eliminated. Animal testingRead MoreAnimal Testing in Cosmetics Essay1033 Words   |  5 Pagesinvolve the use of harmless animals. Several large commercial companies do not make products for animals; they decide that using these harmless creatures for the testing of their products, could be cause to be harmful to animals still go forward with these types of procedures on an everyday basis. Although these animals are unable to defend themselves or signs of any form of consent for the near death procedures, these companies find this as a cheap solution for testing their products before placingRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Inhumane For Diseases, And Development Of Medical Treatments983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is animal testing ? Animal testing is when scientist experiment on animals to find cures for diseases, and development of medical treatments. Many animals die because of this. Majority of people don’t know what they go through and how the process is done. Animal testing is inhumane for the following: why it is done, how it is done, and when it is done. To begin with, why is it done? Animal testing is done to protect humans from bad products that may hurt them, also to find ways to cure diseasesRead MoreEssay about Animal Rights1553 Words   |  7 Pagesissue of animal experimentation is a widely debated topic in the United States. A fundamental question of this debate is whether the functions of animal testing and research are morally and ethically justified. In the viewpoint of the pro-research community, animal testing is a necessary practice. They support this position by stating that humans, instinctually, prioritize their own survival above other animals thus making any use of animals justifiable (Fox 5). The supporters of animal testing believeRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And My Personal Stance On The Matter1159 Words   |  5 PagesDo animals feel pain? Do they suffer when in distress? Almost all animal research is conducted for better understanding of human diseases and illnesses, rarely are animals used for the bene fits of animals. Is the pain felt by animals worth the advances in human understandings? I will discuss what animals are used for, why they are used, the ethical dilemma of animal research, laws relevant to the study of animal experimentation and my personal stance on the matter. Animal testing has many otherRead More Animal testing Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesUse of animals for Laboratory Testing There has been an on going debate on whether to use animals for laboratory testing. There are people now saying the use of animals in laboratory testing is not necessary and there are other alternatives. Many of these people claim the tests that are performed on the animals are not particularly valid. On the other hand, others claim that laboratory testing has been depended on animals to achieve medical advances. Whether or not the use of animals in laboratoryRead MoreEssay about The Cruelty of Animal Testing1245 Words   |  5 PagesThere are nearly 26 million animals in the United States who are tested for commercial and scientific use. The AWA- Animal Welfare Act- provides limitations on which animals institutions and scientists can use. Since 1850, the AWA protected about 1,134,693 animals, but has left about 25 million other animals to be scientifically and commercially used. The fact that there are about 25 million animal species not protected by the AWA has many people against animal testing. The AWA sets minimum housingRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned848 Words   |  4 Pages As a society we have failed to notice, it’s everywhere. The animal testing footprint. Aeroguard, Chapstick, Michael Kors, Palmolive and Dettol: these common household brands all have the dark footprints of animal experimentation embedded into it. Each year over 6.5 million animals are brutally tested, killed or harmed in Australia and New Zealand, for many brands across the nation. You may think that Animal Testing has nothing to do with you but the real truth is, it does. It’s unavoidable to

Thursday, May 14, 2020

100 Persuasive Essay Topics

Persuasive  essays are a bit like argument essays and persuasive speeches, but they tend to be a little kinder and gentler. Argument essays require you to discuss and to attack an alternate view, while persuasive essays are attempts to convince the reader that you have a believable argument. In other words, you are an advocate, not an adversary. A Persuasive Essay Has 3 Components Introduction: This is the opening paragraph of your essay. It contains the hook, which is used to grab the readers attention, and the thesis, or argument, which youll explain in the next section.Body: This is the heart of your essay, usually three to five paragraphs in length. Each paragraph examines one theme or issue used to support your thesis.Conclusion: This is the final paragraph of your essay. In it, youll sum up the main points of the body and connect them to your thesis. Persuasive essays often use the conclusion as a last appeal to the audience. Learning how to write a persuasive essay is an essential skill that people use every day in fields from business to law to media and entertainment. English students can begin writing a persuasive essay at any skill level. Youre sure to find a sample topic or two from the list of 100 persuasive essays below, sorted by degree of difficulty. 1:53 Watch Now: 12 Ideas for Great Persuasive Essay Topics Beginner Kids should get paid for good grades.Students should have less homework.Snow days are great for family  time.Penmanship is important.Short hair is better than long hair.We should all grow our own vegetables.We need more holidays.Aliens probably exist.Gym class is more important than music class.Kids should be able to vote.Kids should get paid for extra activities like sports.School should take place in the evenings.Country life is better than city life.City life is better than country life.We can change the world.Skateboard helmets should be mandatory.We should provide food for the poor.Children should be paid for doing chores.We should populate the moon.Dogs make better pets than cats. Intermediate The government should impose household trash limits.Nuclear weapons are an effective deterrent against foreign attack.Teens should be required to take parenting classes.We should teach etiquette in schools.School uniform laws are unconstitutional.All students should wear uniforms.Too much money is a bad thing.High schools should offer specialized degrees in arts or sciences.Magazine advertisements send unhealthy signals to young women.Robocalling should be outlawed.Age 12 is too young to babysit.Children should be required to read more.All students should be given the opportunity to study abroad.Yearly driving tests should be mandatory past age 65.Cell phones should never be used while driving.All schools should implement bullying awareness programs.Bullies should be kicked out of school.Parents of bullies should have to pay a fine.The school year should be longer.School days should start later.Teens should be able to choose their bedtime.There should be a mandatory entrance exam for high school.Public transit should be privatized.We should allow pets in school.The voting age should be lowered to 16.Beauty contests are bad for body image.Every American should learn to speak Spanish.Every immigrant should learn to speak English.Video games can be educational.College athletes should be paid for their services.We need a military draft.Professional sports should eliminate cheerleaders.Teens should be able to start driving at 14 instead of 16.Year-round school is a bad idea.High school campuses should be guarded by police officers.The legal drinking age should be lowered to 19.Kids under 15 shouldnt have Facebook pages.Standardized testing should be eliminated.Teachers should be paid more.There should be one world currency. Advanced Domestic surveillance without a warrant should be legal.Letter grades should be replaced with a pass or fail.Every family should have a natural disaster survival plan.Parents should talk to kids about drugs at a young age.Racial slurs should be illegal.Gun ownership should be tightly regulated.Puerto Rico should be granted statehood.People should go to jail when they abandon their pets.Free speech should have limitations.Members of Congress should be subject to term limits.Recycling should be mandatory for everyone.High-speed internet access should be regulated like a public utility.Yearly driving tests should be mandatory for the first five years after getting a license.Recreational marijuana should be made legal nationwide.Legal marijuana should be taxed and regulated like tobacco or alcohol.Child support dodgers should go to jail.Students should be allowed to pray in school.All Americans have a constitutional right to health care.Internet access should be free for everyone.Social Security should be privatized.Pregnant couples should receive parenting lessons.We shouldnt use products made from animals.Celebrities should have more privacy rights.Professional football is too violent and should be banned.We need better sex education in schools.School testing is not effective.The United States should build a border wall with Mexico and with Canada.Life is better than it was 50 years ago.Eating meat is unethical.A vegan diet is the only diet people should follow.Medical testing on animals should be illegal.The Electoral College is outdated.Medical testing on animals is necessary.Public safety is more important than an individuals right to privacy.Single-sex colleges provide a better education.Books should never be banned.Violent video games can cause people to act violently in real life.Freedom of religion has limitations.Nuclear power should be illegal.Climate change should be the presidents primary political concern. Sources Arizona State University Writing Center staff. Persuasive Essay Structure. ASU.edu, June 2012.Collins, Jen, and Polak, Adam. Persuasive Essays. Hamilton.edu.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on AP Point of View - 656 Words

Point of view is a very important element of literature. In the book Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing point of view is described as, â€Å"the vantage point from which events are presented† (Kirszner and Mandell 300). The point of view of a story is simply the view of whoever’s telling it. Kirszner and Mandell inform readers that if the narrator can enter all the characters’ minds and always knows what is going on, then he is omniscient (303). Kirszner and Mandell also tell readers that if a narrator can only enter one character’s mind, then he is a limited omniscient narrator (304). Point of view plays an important role in the effectiveness of a story. By analyzing John Updike’s â€Å"AP† one can observe how point of view is used to develop†¦show more content†¦He rants, â€Å"We want you decently dressed when you come in here† (Updike 227). However, the definition of decency changes overtime. Sammy cannot tell readers w hat it is, but he could give readers his opinion of how the girls were treated. He feels they were treated unjustly. The theme of the story is pretty simple, nothing is set in stone. Readers get to see this theme outlined when the girls walk in the store dressed against the norm. Additionally, neither the reader nor the manager expected Sammy to quit his job. His job was important considering the time era. However, times do change. Everyone has a point in which they get fed up. These girls appear to be reminiscent of the hippie subculture. All the sexual overtone in Sammy’s thoughts are also reminiscent of the hippie culture. Overall, the story was better told by Sammy because he offered us the perspective of someone in the middle. Sammy’s perspective, while subjective in thought, was generally examining instead of asserting. John Updike’s â€Å"AP† was heavily affected by the element of point of view. Sammy’s view not only helped define other characters, but it helped define the theme as well. The fact that the narrator was not third person helped maintain the focus of the story. The story greatly benefitted from having a first person narrator. This is because the character of Sammy offered readers some middle ground. Readers weren’t able to take sides immediately. Instead, they were kind ofShow MoreRelatedDivergent by Veronica Roth Essay721 Words   |  3 Pagesthat develops the main idea. Meaning â€Å"ascending cement stairs† (p 39) connotative- stairs leading upward denotative- they are getting higher â€Å"concentric circles† (p 39) connotative- circles sharing the same center denotative-connected circles â€Å"diffuse the tension† (p 115) connotative- spread the tension denotative- the tension will be more wide spread â€Å"patronizing look† (p 154) connotative- look at with apparent kindness that betrays theRead MoreEducating Multicultural Curriculum Reform : School Curriculums Are Largely Biased Towards The Views Of Americans With European Heritage Essay1135 Words   |  5 Pagestowards the views of Americans with European heritage, which is distorting the worldviews of American students and severely under representing minorities. A multi-cultural approach to instruction is needed to help decrease, and eliminate the justification of, the feeling of superiority felt among many white Americans. First, Banks supports his opinion by discussing the negative impact a mainstream-centric curriculum has on multicultural students, as well as white students. (p. 242). He points out thatRead MoreAnalysis of Sidgwicks Third Axiom Essay1073 Words   |  5 PagesThis paper will object to Sidgwick’s axiom that from the point of view of the universe, the good of one is no more important than t he good of another on the ground that it is analytic. I present the purpose and content of the axiom with a further explanation of what I take ‘the point of view of the universe’ to mean. I then consider the response of the Egoist to the axiom and Sidgwick’s counter-response to illustrate the tautology of the argument. The tautology of the argument brings it in line withRead MoreThe Sixth Decade : The New Shape Of Nuclear Danger Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesweapons and those who do not. He states that â€Å"a highly volatile and violent contest is no longer bi-polar but global between some of the existing possessors of the bomb and new entrants or petitioners to the club who hope to deter the great ones† (Schell, p.6, 2007). His argument here is clear. Why should the smaller countries trust the current nuclear powers for protection, and if they can use nuclear weapons for deterrence to ensure their safety why cannot they? Schell argues that the five pow erful countriesRead MoreThe Values Of The Textbook1158 Words   |  5 Pagesswappers illegally downloading songs (p.72) Sales decrease for recording labels (p.72) Use internet to post music/videos to gain larger audience at less of a cost (p.72) 2 Homogenized radio industry (p.108) Saves money (p.108) Let there be interaction between Deejays and the audience. Live vs. voice tracking (p.108) 3 Introduced VOD-DVRs, iPods, Netflix (p.155) Enables customers to choose what they want to watch and whenever they want, without commercials (p.155) Less commercialization and keep cableRead MoreA Reflective Paper On Integration852 Words   |  4 Pages The Spirit of Truth must be central in that decision and thus the use of Christian Psychology is my current integrative position. Historic Foundation Understanding human beings according to historic Christianity is a foundation of this view (Johnson, 2010 p. 155). There is evidence of psychology embedded in the wisdom of Scripture, as in Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount and throughout the New Testament for Jesus’ dealing with sin and restoration. The woman at the well, the woman caught in the act ofRead MoreThose Kind Of Discriminations Are What Taylor Callsstrong Evaluation1727 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"the objects in the light of our desires, but also the desires themselves† (Ibid, p.66). The strong evaluation as well as the subject-referring imports as a basis of such evaluation are strongly affective on human beings and their respective lives. To evaluate and classify into good/bad, higher/lower, or any other categories means to identify â€Å"what it is we really are about, what is really important to us† (Ibid, p.68). In sum, Taylor (Ibid) argues that human beings are self-interpreting animalsRead MoreCase Study: Arcadian Microarray Technologies, Inc.1305 Words   |  6 PagesInc., a biotechnology firm. The bid is currently at $40 million. The Arcadian’s managers have optimistic projections for their firms’ performance over the next 11 years. However, based on Sierra’s calculations, come up a much more conservative view. With the request of Mr. Chu, a fair bid price could be calculated along with any appropriate counterproposals. Appropriate steady state growth rates and terminal values would be included and explained. I. Objective The main objective of thisRead MoreThe Values Of Social Medias And National Rating Organisations1551 Words   |  7 Pages2 National rating schemes advantages 2 2.1 From a hotel point of view 2 2.2 From a consumer point of view 2 3 National rating schemes disadvantages 3 3.1 From a hotel point of view 3 3.2 From a consumer point of view 3 4 Social media rating systems advantages 3 4.1 From a hotel point of view 3 4.2 From a consumer point of view 3 5 Social media rating systems disadvantages 4 5.1 From a hotel point of view 4 5.2 From a consumer point of view 4 6 Conclusion 4 REFERENCES 5 1 Introduction 1.1 AuthorisationRead MoreThe Problem Of Separation And Dualism1399 Words   |  6 PagesPhysicalism â€Å"‘And that’, he argued, ‘means that somewhere in them is intelligence. It can’t be seated in a brain because dissection shows nothing like a brain –but that doesn’t prove there isn’t something that does a brain’s job† (Wyndham, 1951/2008, p. 47) Suppose it is a nice sunny day, and you decide to linger in the sun; after a few minutes you may feel thirsty and you look for some refreshment. It can be said that this situation triggers two ‘situations’; on the one hand there is a physical

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Cloud Computing Cloud Service Providers

Question: Discuss about the case study Cloud Computing for Cloud Service Providers. Answer: Introduction Cloud computing is defined as a model which enables ubiquitous, on- demand access of network for sharing a pool of configurable resources of computing. In this report, Amazon is selected as a cloud-computing provider (Collins, 2014). The content of the report comprises of list of computing providers, their models, and justification for selecting Amazon as cloud computing provider and comparison of services provided by Amazon with Bluemix. List of cloud computing providers and their models Serial No. Names of Cloud Service Providers Provided Services Models of Cloud service providers 1. Amazon Amazon Web services 1. 1.Platform as a Service 2. 2. Infrastructure as a Service 2. IBM 1. IBM Cloud 2. IBM Bluemix Services (Ibm.com, 2016) 1. PaaS (Platform as a Service) 2. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) 3. SaaS (Software as a service) 3. Google Google Compute Cloud PaaS (Platform as a Service) 4. Microsoft Microsoft Azure PaaS (Platform as a Service) Justification for selecting Amazon Web Services There are several reasons behind selecting Amazon Web Services. The reasons are: Performance: The most well-known services provided by Amazon are EC2 and Amazon S3. The power of Performance of AWS is in the storage (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). The reliability of Amazon web services is better than Bluemix. The application is helpful in randomly powering down a component in the environment of Cloud Computing. Security: For minimizing the effect of outages and for ensuring the robustness of the system it is geographically used. AWS uses an end-to-end approach in order to provide security and for hardening its infrastructure (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). Virtual Amazon Private Cloud is provided by AWS, which is used for hosting the services on a network that is private. The network cannot be accessed from the internet. Comparison and contrast between Amazon Web Services and Bluemix Cloud Service Models IBM Bluemix uses three types of cloud service models. The service models that they use are as follows:Platform as a service, Infrastructure as a service and Software as a service. IaaS gives basic resources of computing including networking, servers and data center space and many more. IaaS is considered as the foundation layer of IBM Bluemix. PaaS helps in providing a combination of platform and infrastructure software (Console.ng.bluemix.net, 2016). It includes application development that is cloud based, database software and hardware environment. Saas helps in providing network related access to network. On the other hand Amazon Web services only use Paas and IaaS cloud service model. Amazon web services uses PaaS cloud service model for offering an environment of development to application developers (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). They specially develop a standard for the development for distribution. The SaaS model is used for gaining access to application software and databases. Cloud service offered under each model Cloud Service Models Amazon Web Services IBM Bluemix Platform as a Service (PaaS) 1.Application services:- Message Queue Service (SQS) AppStream Elastic Transcoder Email Sending Service (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). 1. Application Services: Data Cache Session cache WebSphere application server (Ibm.com, 2016) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 1. Compute services: EC2 (Virtual Servers in the Cloud) Lambda 2. Networking: VPC (Isolated Cloud Resources) Route 53 3. Storage: S3 (Scalable Storage in the Cloud) Storage Gateway Cloud Front 1. Networking: Virtual private network Content Delivery 2. Storage: Object storage (YourStory.com, 2014). Fig 1: Screenshot of services provided by IBM Bluemix Fig 2: Screenshot of services provided by Amazon Web Services Services offered for Smart Application Model Services offered for Smart Application Model Amazon Web Services IBM Bluemix Internet of Things Application AWS IoT IoT for electronics Internet of Things Platform Context Mapping (YourStory.com, 2014). Artificial Intelligent Application Amazon Cloud introduces the service of Artificial Intelligent Watson Services Introduces the service of Artificial Intelligent (Console.ng.bluemix.net, 2016). Platform Design Amazon web Services works on AWS platform (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). IBM Bluemix uses Cloud Foundry for Platform Design. It offers various plugin like Bluemix tool to integrate Eclipse development (Ibm.com, 2016) Application Development Amazon API Gateway Amazon Cloud Search Amazon App Stream Data Cache Session cache WebSphere application server Deployment Process Cloud Formation Code Deploy Ops Works Virtual Machine Deployment Cost model Amazon web services provide a number of services including storage, database, computing and many more. All the facilities provided by the cloud service provider helps the organization in moving faster. Pricing for all the applications are different and they does not have complex dependencies or requirement of licensing. For example GPU instances require $ 2.6 per hour (Amazon Web Services, Inc., 2016). On the other hand IBM Bluemix also follows various pricing strategies. For example NodeJS cost $24.15 (Ibm.com, 2016). For language Ruby Sinatra, $ 175.35 is charged by IBM Bluemix to large enterprises. Application and Justification of Best Service provider IBM Bluemix is the best service provider. This is due to the following reasons: The most important advantage of IBM Bluemix is that if the runtime arent enough then one can build their own environment by using Dockers-Based Containers. The composable service approach of IBM Bluemix helps an individual in kicking the tiers of new technologies like services of Watson (Ibm.com, 2016). Virtual machine Deployment is used by IBM Bluemix that helps in controlling the entire stack of software (YourStory.com, 2014) IBM Bluemix support hybrid cloud strategy which is not supported by Amazon web services. Conclusion It is concluded that Bluemix is the best provider. Both Amazon Web Services and IBM Bluemix uses Platform based and infrastructure based cloud service models but the virtual machine deployment in Bluemix helps in controlling the entire stack of software. Amazon web services uses PaaS cloud service model for offering an environment of development for application developers. It is concluded by analyzing the cloud service models used by both the providers. It is analyzed that IBM Bluemix uses Cloud Foundry for its platform designing while Amazon web Services works on AWS platform. References Amazon Web Services, Inc. (2016).AWS Cloud Pricing Principles Amazon Web Services (AWS). [online] Available at: https://aws.amazon.com/pricing/?nc2=h_ql_ny_livestream_blu [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Amazon Web Services, Inc. (2016).Free Cloud Services AWS Free Tier. [online] Available at: https://aws.amazon.com/free/?sc_channel=PSsc_campaign=acquisition_INsc_publisher=googlesc_medium=cloud_computing_bsc_content=aws_spell_esc_detail=amazon%20webservicessc_category=cloud_computingsc_segment=85428817981sc_matchtype=esc_country=INs_kwcid=AL!4422!3!85428817981!e!!g!!amazon%20webservicesef_id=V2yu4gAAAZGFI7Qh:20160808112052:s [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Amazon Web Services, Inc.(2016).Cloud Products Services - Amazon Web Services (AWS). [online] Available at: https://aws.amazon.com/products/?nc2=h_l3_db#Accelerate_your_Cloud_Success_with_Rich_Platform_Services [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Collins, E. (2014). Big Data in the Public Cloud.IEEE Cloud Comput., 1(2), pp.13-15. Console.ng.bluemix.net. (2016).IBM Bluemix - Next-Generation Cloud App Development Platform. [online] Available at: https://console.ng.bluemix.net/home/ [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Ibm.com. (2016).IBM Bluemix - The cloud platform to accelerate innovation on both sides of the firewall. [online] Available at: https://www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/?cm_mmc=Search_gsn-_-Cloud_Bluemix_Keyword-Branded_Try-_-WW_IN-_-ibm%20bluemix_Exact [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Ibm.com. (2016).IBM Bluemix - The cloud platform to accelerate innovation on both sides of the firewall. [online] Available at: https://www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/?cm_mmc=Search_gsn-_-Cloud_Bluemix_Keyword-Branded_Try-_-WW_IN-_-ibm%20bluemix_Exact [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Ibm.com. (2016).IBM Bluemix - The cloud platform to accelerate innovation on both sides of the firewall. [online] Available at: https://www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/?cm_mmc=Search_gsn-_-Cloud_Bluemix_Keyword-Branded_Try-_-WW_IN-_-ibm%20bluemix_Exact [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. Ibm.com. (2016).IBM Bluemix - The cloud platform to accelerate innovation on both sides of the firewall. [online] Available at: https://www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/?cm_mmc=Search_gsn-_-Cloud_Bluemix_Keyword-Branded_Try-_-WW_IN-_-ibm%20bluemix_Exact [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016]. YourStory.com. (2014).IBM's new Platform as a Service (PaaS) - Bluemix for dummies!. [online] Available at: https://yourstory.com/2014/06/bluemix-dummies/ [Accessed 8 Aug. 2016].

Monday, April 6, 2020

A History Of The Early Assertion Of free essay sample

Judicial Power Essay, Research Paper A History of the Early Assertion of Judicial Power Once upon a clip there were several work forces be aftering out the best manner to split the power in a fledgeling new state. Some of them wanted one large power, and others wanted three smaller 1s where the power was approximately every bit divided. Finally they went with the thought of the three powers and everyone appeared to be comparatively content with that. However, the two bigger and? more of import? powers, the Executive and Legislative, started acquiring rather power-hungry and manner excessively large. The smaller, last power, the Judicial, started acquiring a small spot covetous of the other two # 8211 ; until a adult male by the name of John Marshall and his friends, the Federalists, got ahold of Judicial and turned everything about. The Constitution of the United States of America did non make much by manner of sketching the powers held by the Supreme Court. We will write a custom essay sample on A History Of The Early Assertion Of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Judicial power was the really last of the three chief subdivisions of authorities to be specified. In the early yearss of the Court? s power, it was left up to the justnesss to asseverate their power and flex their political musculuss. Particularly in the term of John Marshall was the judiciary power defined and enforced to put down the foundation for the tendencies in the Supreme Court still observed today. It was in the early yearss of America that the Court heard those instances which would foremost specify their judicial power. In 1803 it began with the instance of William Marbury v. James Madison. Harmonizing to the United States Constitution, the Supreme Court could take merely those instances of appellant legal power, which came on entreaties, the lone exclusion being those instances affecting foreign diplomats and embassadors. During Marbury v. Madison ( a instance of original legal power ) , Federalist John Marshall was the Chief Justice and Anti-Federalist Thomas Jefferson was the President. The instance revolved around Marbury # 8211 ; besides a Federalist # 8211 ; non having his committee to function as justness of the peace because James Madison, Jefferson? s Secretary of State, neer delivered it. Marshall knew that if he ordered the writ of mandamus to be issued, Jefferson? s disposal would merely take to disregard it. Therefore, he cutely planned his determination out, c ognizing that although in the short term it was an hurt to the Federalists, in the long tally it would assist asseverate the Court? s power and ability to accept or reject instances. Marshall claimed that the power to publish writs of mandamus exceeded the Court? s authorization, as spelled out by Article III of the Constitution. Jefferson realized the deductions of the Court? s new invented power, although he had won this particualr instance. This determination helped to do the Court the concluding authorization on the significance of the Constitution and besides gave the Court authorization to make up ones mind on the constitutionality of the Acts of the Apostless of Congress. While before the power resided largely in the Executive and Legislative subdivisions, after Marbury v. Madison the Court was recognized as an equal spouse in authorities. When the Federalistic Framers of the Constitution drew in Section 10 of Article 1, they knew it would assist them continue one peculiar thing that was affectionately to their Black Marias: private belongings. This alleged? contract clause? was to a great extent enforced during Marshall? s term of office, as shown in the instances of Fletcher v. Peck in 1810 and the Trustees of Dartmouth College V. Woodward in 1819. Fletcher v. Peck involved public lands granted to private persons through graft, and the Court? s concluding determination ruled in favour of continuing the contract which seeded the land even though it was deceitful. Whether the contract was legal or non, Marshall? s Court wanted to acquire the message across that contracts are sacred and that the granting of land is a belongings right. The Dartmouth Case involved the college? s original charter, created in 1769, before the United States even existed, which the province of New Hampshire was seeking to alter so the college would be a public establishment instead than private. The concluding determination recognized the college as a private corporation and called for the protection of private corporations from province intercession under the contract clause. The balance of power that the Constitution was supposed to continue shifted greatly so that the national authorities held the most power after McCulloch v. Maryland in 1819. The Court? s determination asserted federal power by foregrounding the 10th Amendment and the Necessary and Proper Clause, Article 1 and Section 8. The former provinces that the powers non allotted to Congress travel to the States, and the latter says that Congress has the authorization to make anything necessary and proper to transport out its activities. The instance preferred national power over the provinces? power. Another province instance came along in 1821 with Cohens v. Virginia. It raised the inquiry of whether the Supreme Court besides has the power of judicial reappraisal over province instances. The Court decided that yes, they would wish to hold power over province instances every bit good. Their logical thinking was that it was non the parties involved but the issues, and whether those peculiar issues raised a inquiry of constitutionality. Article 1, Section 8 besides discusses the Interstate Commerce clause, which was enforced with Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824. Ogden had a monopoly on steamboats utilizing the Hudson River, an interstate waterway because it connects New York and New Jersey. The Court ruled that this interfered with congressional power regulating interstate commercialism as stated in the clause. Marshall used this determination to his advantage to reject the impression of provinces and the federal authorities being every bit powerful entities. The tendencies during the Marshall old ages called greatly for the undermining of the province? s powers, as shown in McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia and Gibbons v. Ogden. These instances chiefly humiliated the single provinces and stretched the powers held by Congress. Besides another form was the protection of belongings. As stated before, Marshall and the framers of the Constitution were Federalists and called for the saving of private belongings and personal addition, and the contract clause was used every bit frequently as possible to profit those impressions. Particularly in the instance of Marbury v. Madison, one can see how cunning the Federalists were in seeking to advance their thoughts, taking into consideration that Marshall elected to non holding Marbury have his committee so that finally it would be to Marshall? s benefit and the disadvantage of Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans. Most of his determinations circulated around being advantageous to the Federalists and switching power more toward the national authorities, another Federalist end. Bibliography No bibliography.

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Yeha - Saba (Sheba) Kingdom Site in Ethiopia

Yeha - Saba' (Sheba) Kingdom Site in Ethiopia Yeha is a large Bronze Age archaeological site located about 15 miles (25 km) northeast of the modern town of Adwa in Ethiopia. It is the largest and most impressive archaeological site in the Horn of Africa showing evidence of contact with South Arabia, leading some scholars to describe Yeha and other sites as precursors to the Aksumite civilization. Fast Facts: Yeha Yeha is a large Bronze Age site in the Ethiopian Horn of Africa, established in the first millennium BCE.  Surviving structures include a temple, an elite residence and a set of rock-cut shaft tombs.  The builders were Sabaean, people from an Arabian kingdom in Yemen, thought to be the ancient land of Sheba. The earliest occupation at Yeha dates to the first millennium BCE. Surviving monuments include a well-preserved Great Temple, a palace perhaps an elite residence called Grat Beal Gebri, and the Daro Mikael cemetery of rock-cut shaft-tombs. Three artifact scatters probably representing residential settlements have been identified within a few kilometers of the main site but have not to date been investigated. The builders of Yeha were part of the Sabaean culture, also known as Saba, speakers of an old South Arabian language whose kingdom was based in Yemen and who are thought to have been what the Judeo-Christian bible names as the land of Sheba, whose powerful Queen is said to have visited Solomon. Chronology at Yeha Yeha I: 8th–7th centuries BCE. Earliest structure located at the palace at Grat Beal Gebri; and a small temple where the Great Temple would be constructed later.Yeha II: 7th–5th centuries BCE. Great Temple and the palace at Grat Beal Gebri built, elite cemetery at Daro Mikael begun.Yeha III: Late first millennium BCE. Late phase of construction at Grat Beal Gebri, tombs T5 and T6 at Daro Mikael. Great Temple of Yeha The Great Temple of Yeha is also known as the Almaqah Temple because it was dedicated to Almaqah, the moon god of the Saba kingdom. Based on construction similarities to others in the Saba region, the Great Temple was likely built in the 7th century BCE. The 46x60 foot (14x18 meter) structure stands 46 ft (14 m) high and was constructed of well-made ashlar (cut stone) blocks measuring up to 10 ft (3 m) long. The ashlar blocks fit together tightly without mortar, which, say scholars, contributed to the structures preservation over 2,600 years after it was built. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery and enclosed by a double wall. Foundation fragments of an earlier temple have been identified beneath the Great Temple and likely date to the 8th century BCE. The temple is located on an elevated location next to a Byzantine church (built 6th c CE) which is higher still. Some of the temple stones were borrowed to build the Byzantine church, and scholars suggest there may have been an older temple where the new church was built. Construction Characteristics The Great Temple is a rectangular building, and it was marked by a double-denticulate (toothed) frieze that still survives in places on its northern, southern, and eastern faà §ades. The faces of the ashlars display typical Sabaean stone masonry, with smoothed margins and a pecked center, similar to those at the Saba kingdom capitals such as the Almaqah Temple at Sirwah and the Awam Temple in Marib. In front of the building was a platform with six pillars (called a propylon), which provided access to a gate, a broad wooden door frame, and double doors. The narrow entrance led to an interior with five aisles created by four rows of three squarish pillars. The two side aisles in the north and south were covered by a ceiling and above it was a second story. The central aisle was open to the sky. Three wooden-walled chambers of equal size were located at the eastern end of the temple interior. Two additional cultic rooms extended out from the central chamber. A drainage system leading to a hole in the southern wall was inserted into the floor to assure that the temple interior was not flooded by rainwater. Palace at Grat Be'al Gebri The second monumental structure at Yeha is named Grat Beal Gebri, sometimes spelled as Great Baal Guebry. It is located a short distance from the Great Temple but in a comparatively poor state of preservation. The buildings dimensions were likely 150x150 ft (46x46 m) square, with a raised platform (podium) of 14.7 ft (4.5 m) high, itself built of volcanic rock ashlars. The exterior faà §ade had projections at the corners. The front of the building once also had a propylon with six pillars, the bases of which have been preserved. The stairs leading up to the propylon are missing, although the foundations are visible. Behind the propylon, there was a huge gate with a narrow opening, with two massive stone doorposts. Wooden beams were inserted horizontally along the walls and penetrating into them. Radiocarbon dating of the wooden beams dates construction between early 8th–late 6th centuries BCE. Necropolis of Daro Mikael The cemetery at Yeha consists of six rock-cut tombs. Each tomb was accessed via a staircase along 8.2 ft (2.5 m) deep vertical shafts with one grave chamber on each side. The entrances to the tombs were originally blocked by rectangular stone panels, and other stone panels sealed the shafts at the surface, and then all was covered by a mound of stone rubble. A stone enclosure fenced in the tombs, although it is unknown whether they were roofed or not. The chambers were up to 13 ft (4 m) in length and 4 ft (1.2 m) in height and were originally used for multiple burials, but all were looted in antiquity. Some displaced skeletal fragments and broken grave goods (clay vessels and beads) were found; based on grave goods and similar tombs at other Saba sites, the tombs probably date to the 7th–6th c BCE. Arabian Contacts at Yeha Yeha period III has traditionally been identified as a pre-Axumite occupation, based primarily on the identification of evidence for contact with South Arabia. Nineteen fragmentary inscriptions on stone slabs, altars and seals have been found at Yeha written in a South Arabian script. However, excavator Rodolfo Fattovich notes that the South Arabian ceramics and related artifacts recovered from Yeha and other sites in Ethiopia and Eritrea are a small minority and do not support the presence of a consistent South Arabian community. Fattovich and others believe that these do not represent a precursor to the Axumite civilization. The first professional studies at Yeha involved a small excavation by the Deutsche Axum-Expedition in 1906, then part of the Ethiopian Institute of Archaeology excavations in the 1970s led by F. Anfrayin. In the 21st century, investigations have been conducted by the Sanaa Branch of the Orient Department of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) and the Hafen City University of Hamburg. Sources Fattovich, Rodolfo, et al. Archaeological Expedition at Aksum (Ethiopia) of the University of Naples Lorientale - 2010 Field Season: Seglamen. Naples: Universit degli studi di Napoli LOrientale, 2010. Print.Harrower, Michael J., and A. Catherine D’Andrea. Landscapes of State Formation: Geospatial Analysis of Aksumite Settlement Patterns (Ethiopia). African Archaeological Review 31.3 (2014): 513–41. Print.Japp, Sarah, et al. Yeha and Hawelti: Cultural Contacts between Saba and Dmt; New Research by the German Archaeological Institute in Ethiopia. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 41 (2011): 145–60. Print.Lindstaedt, M., et al. Virtual Reconstruction of the Almaqah Temple of Yeha in Ethiopia by Terrestrial Laser Scanning. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 38.5/W16 (2011): 199–203. Print.Phillipson, David W. Foundations of an African Civilisation: Aksum the Northern Horn 1000 BC–A D 1300. Suffolk, Great Britain: James Currey, 2012. Print. Wolf, Pawel, and Ulrike Nowotnick. The Almaqah Temple of . Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 40 (2010): 367–80. Print.Meqaber Gaewa near Wuqro (Tigray, Ethiopia)

Friday, February 21, 2020

The Theme of Death in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe Essay

The Theme of Death in the Works of Edgar Allan Poe - Essay Example Poe was then sent to both the Chelsea and the Stoke Newington boarding schools in the suburbs f London. Although he was a brilliant student, excelling especially in mathematics, he did not enjoy his days spent there. In July f 1820 Mr. Allan's business collapsed, and they were forced to return to Richmond in order to avoid the creditors that Allan was indebted to. Edgar Allan Poe was obviously not typical in his style f writing nor in his style f life. His father left the family when he was young and his mother was dead by the time Poe was three from tuberculosis. "So precocious a child must have carried with him, deeply imprinted, the waning figure and the coughing paroxysms f his mother." (Darkening 9). For the remainder f his tragic life, things never seemed to improve much. He lost his wife (also his cousin), Virginia, two years before his own death. After his trouble with alcoholism and general bad health, Poe died when he was about 40 years old. The exact events surrounding his death are still uncertain and somewhat mysterious. (Parker 1-5) Most f Poe's literary works were inspired by life. "Alone" is Poe's way f vocalizing the unique and dismal life that he led. He, from an apparently young age, finds himself with such different feelings about life than most people. In this poem, Poe describes his own condition f loneliness. In the first three stanzas alone, Poe discusses that since his early childhood he didn't see the world as others saw it. Even as a child his emotions were very hard to express. Anything he expressed he kept inside. In the sixth stanza, Poe writes "My sorrow; I could not awaken", meaning that because he had his emotions bottled up, he couldn't even express his sorrow. Because he couldn't express his emotions, anything he loved he couldn't love with another person, he could only love alone. There was no way he could express himself emotionally. Poe continues to reiterate that since his childhood he had this mystery surrounding him, following him wherever he went. When he did anything or went anywher e, there was this mystery or shadow that continued to bind him. This mystery could be the problem f not expressing his emotions he inherited as a child or the element f self-companionship. "His was a deviant mind, and his soul, ever lost in mystery, was possessed f demons; even elements f nature assumed their form."(Darkening 9). Ultimately Poe emphasizes this mystery as an evil or "a demon" that was haunting him. The demon was present everywhere; even the elements f nature assumed its form. Poe describes the demon as the sun rolling around him, as the thunder from the storm. Everywhere he turns and looks this evil is lurking around him, making Poe unique from others. Poe describes his uniqueness as a result f the demon that he is consumed by. The reason why he is alone, and why he can only love alone is because f this demon which he inherited as a child. (VanSpanckeren 1-5) Numerous events in Poe's life can explain why Poe may have written this poem. This poem was written in 1830, around the year where his stepmother had died and when his stepfather had remarried. The death f his "beloved step-mother reinforced the morbid consistency f Edgar's mind."(Darkening 4-5). Her death probably caused more psychological problems to Poe. He lost his biological mother and his stepmother, both f whom helped provide emotional support for

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Managment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managment - Case Study Example These new values were identified by him as they were in keeping with the current competitive and changing environment to which airlines around the world were being forced to adapt if they wished to survive. This case clearly shows that even if you have the potential and capital, if work is not organized properly, the company cannot survive. This is what this company did. Motivation and redesigning work organization structure are keys to success here. Using James Hoogan as an example of effective leadership, this essay will argue that effective leadership is a combination of strategic and operational leadership values rather than a one dimensional energizing or motivational leadership. Leadership that combines the strategic and the operational is the key requirement to turning around an organisation that is in danger of going under, because there is a lot more at stake in such a company than just a workforce that is not motivated or skilled enough. There are faulty strategies that need to be identified and isolated and changed operational values that need to be put in place to fit the strategy outlined. There is no room for experimentation as in many cases the situation is a do or die one. These situations require leaders who can do a lot more than just motivating and training the workforce with new skills. Very often motivation falls in place once the workforce sees new procedures in place and becomes convinced of the changed st rategies. Research indicates that the leadership model suggested by Kenneth Blanchard is the best for effective leadership. With competition getting stronger, leadership is the key to the success or failure of any company as the many mergers, takeovers, chapter 11s, lay offs and the few hard won success stories of the corporate world will bear out. Those companies that have the right leader in the right place at the right time manage to scrape through after resorting to stringent measures and in almost all cases after bringing in a complete change in strategy and work culture, almost a revolution. Many companies even move on to be highly successful and competitive, because their changed business strategy makes them adaptable to a changed business environment. The right leadership is crucial to ensure that this transition from a floundering business to a successful one happens smoothly and successfully. The Gulf Air story is one of a successful transition which happened only because the management of the airline was pragmatic enough to appoint James Hoogan as CEO the right time; the right man at the right time. Three years after he took over the story was a completely different one, he gave Gulf Air a completely new face, quite literally because they even sported a new uniform. In considering the role of leadership in the management of a company, this paper will compare the much acclaimed Jack Welch model with the model given by the Kenneth Blanchard Company, a model that is more acceptable today. The most successful and known model of leadership n corporate literature was given by Jack Welch which he developed with the intention of revolutionizing GE and turning it into the most competitive company in America. He himself led GE for over 20 years and during that tenure he succeeded in transforming it completely. The model of leadership given by him defines a leader as one who possesses the 4 qualities

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

analysis of klinefelters syndrome

analysis of klinefelters syndrome Many chromosomal abnormalities occur early in development and involve the sex chromosomes. Klinefelters Syndrome falls directly into this category. Klinefelters Syndrome is a genetic condition affecting the male population. The following information observes who discovered Klinefelters Syndrome and when it was first diagnosed. The etiology or genetic and environmental factors of the condition are discussed as well as complete description of the disability and the clear diagnostic criteria. The affects of Klinefelters Syndrome are more recognized in adulthood, when it is typically diagnosed. Many Klinefelters patients live out their entire lives without ever knowing they have the condition. Upon conclusion, there should be an adequate amount of information that will give you, the reader, valuable knowledge into the diagnosis and treatment of Klinefelters Syndrome. History Klinefelters Syndrome was first diagnosed in 1942 at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston Massachusetts (Schoenstadt, 2006). Dr. Harry Klinefelter was completing his fellowship at the Massachusetts General Hospital when he was assigned to work with Dr. Fuller Albright, also known as the father of endocrinology (Bock, 1993; Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). Dr. Klinefelter came to examine nine adult men that had a common set of symptoms during the course of his fellowship (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). Dr. Klinefelter organized a case study that involved these nine men and their similarities and was encouraged by Dr. Albright to lead the study (Klinefelter Synrome, 2006). The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology was published in November of 1942 with the completed case study of these nine mens similar qualities, which Dr. Klinefelter identified as Klinefelters Syndrome (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). The report written by Dr. Klinefelter on these men described them as having testicular dysgenesis, elevated urinary gonadotropins, eunuchoidism, azoospermia, and gynecomastia, all of which have an effect on the underdeveloped size of the testes, the lack of the amount of testosterone produced by the testes, and infertility (Schoenstadt, 2006; Visootsak Graham, 2006). These adult males also exhibit enlarged breast and sparse facial hair (Schoenstadt, 2006). Two groups found out fourteen years after Dr. Klinefelters original description of the syndrome, that the buccal mucosal cells contained an extra chromatin mass or that the cells were chromatin positive (Klinefelter, 1966). Although the patients were described as having a positive female sex chromatin, Dr. Klinefelter states that the patients are phenotypic males and should never be considered otherwise (Klinefelter, 1996). Fourteen years after Dr. Klinefelter first diagnosed Klinefelters Syndrome, another case study was performed to further understand the characteristics that define the condition (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). In 1956, Dr. Joe Hin Tjio and Dr. Albert Lavan took the research further to determine the factors that made those men with Klinefelters Syndrome dissimilar from normal adult males through genetic research (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006; Schoenstadt, 2006). With the advanced experimental methodology available, Dr. Joe Hin Tjio and Dr. Albert Lavan found that humans had 23 pairs of chromosomes, confirming 46 chromosomes, which prior to this time there was thought to be 48 chromosomes (Bock, 1993; Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). This clarification by Dr. Tjio and Dr. Lavan is the basic foundation for modern cytogenetics, the study of chromosomes and diseases originating from numerical or structural abnormalities in chromosomes (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006). Dr. Tjio and Dr. Lavan discovered that men with symptoms of Klinefelters Syndrome had an extra sex chromosome that created the chromosomal arrangement of XXY, which is distinct to the normal male chromosomal arrangement of XY (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006; Schoenstadt, 2006,). Klinefelter Syndrome was still believed to be an endocrine disorder of unknown etiology at this time (Visootsak Graham, 2006). In 1959, just three years after Dr. Tjio and Dr. Lavan made their historical discoveries, an English researcher by the name of Dr. Patricia Jacobs and her associate Dr. J. A. Strong published a study supplementing earlier studies (Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006; Noble, 2003). Dr. Jacobs and Dr. Strong found the link between the endocrinal disease and the extra X sex chromosome (Noble, 2003). Dr. Jacobs linked forty-seven chromosomes in Klinefelters Syndrome males and determined it to be the X chromosome, which she considered an aneuploidy defined as an unusual number of chromosomes and labeled 47, XXY (Bock, 1993; Klinefelter Syndrome, 2006; Schoenstadt, 2006). The 1970s brought forth a larger examination of males born with Klinefelters Syndrome (Bock, 1993). During this time doctors began screening newborn male babies for the extra chromosome (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). The most significant of the studies done at this time was sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) whom examined over forty thousand infants for this extra chromosome (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). This study was important for the reason that most studies done prior to the 1970s were biased and primarily done on adult males in mental institutions and the penal system (Visootsak Graham, 2006). At this time is when the prevalence of Klinefelters Syndrome was noticed as frequently as one in five hundred to one in one thousand male newborns (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Also observed in this study was the reduction in speech and language abilities as well as decreased reading and spelling achievement (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Along with these disabilities, Klinefelters patients are characterized by an increased tendency towards fertility, endocrinal, and psychiatric disorders (Noble, 2003). This study demonstrated that most but not all of these males born with the extra chromosome will have these characteristics, and many demonstrate varying degrees of the characteristics (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Based on this research it has been found that the extra X chromosome that causes Klinefelters Syndrome is very common, however, the symptoms and characteristics that are most recognizable are quit uncommon (B ock, 1993). Most males are not diagnosed as having Klinefelters Syndrome until they reach adulthood, and many that have the syndrome are never diagnosed as having this chromosomal defect at all (Bock, 1993). One pediatrician at the University of Colorado Medical School in Denver and the director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) during the major screening research referred to these newborn males as not having Klinefelters Syndrome because of the possibility that the characteristics may not develop into a syndrome (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Etiology and Genetic Factors Every normal human cell has 46 chromosomes that are made up of 23 pairs (Stewart, 2007). Of these 23 pairs, there are 22 that are exactly the same in both males and females called autosomes (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010). The 23rd pair of sex chromosomes is what makes males and females different in that the male will have only one X and Y chromosome whereas the female will have two copies of the X chromosome (Stewart, 2007; U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010). During the formation of the egg and the sperm, or gametes, the chromosomes are halved through a process called meiosis (Stewart, 2007; The Dorsey, 2009). Cells that carry a single chromosome such as the X or Y chromosome are called haploid cells (The Dorsey, 2009). When the egg and sperm join carrying 23 chromosomes each they create the fertile egg, or zygote, which has two haploid sets of chromosomes (The Dorsey, 2009). Therefore, the baby receives two copies of each chromosome, 46 total chromosomes, just like the parents (Stewart, 2007). The extra X in Klinefelter Syndrome is caused from either nondisjunction or anaphase lag. Nondisjunction occurs when the chromosome pairs do not separate as they are intended in the meiosis I or meiosis II stage (Pineyard Zipf, 2003; Stewart, 2007). When this happens there may be a chromosome pair with 24 chromosomes instead of the 23 chromosomes (Stewart, 2007). If this chromosome pair of 24 joins with an egg or sperm with 23 chromosomes then it results in a karotype with 47 chromosomes (Stewart, 2007). In this case there will be three copies of chromosomes rather than the usual two copies of chromosomes (Stewart, 2007). The sperm or egg may donate the extra X chromosome at conception causing a chromosomal abnormality (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2008; Stewart, 2007). This forms the XXY chromosomal formation, which is diagnosed as Klinefelters Syndrome. At least half of 47, XXY conceptions are spontaneously aborted (Pineyard Zipf, 2003). The chromosomal abnormality is random and not known to be caused by any environmental factors (Genetic Science Learning Center, 2010; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2008; National Institute of Health, 2007). This anomaly happens entirely by chance and is unrelated to family history prior to the male childs birth (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2008). This is to say that the male embryos likelihood of being born with Klinefelters Syndrome is not increased or decreased by what the parent does or does not do (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2008). Klinefelters Syndrome is not affected by race (Chen, 2010). This is a completely random occurrence of the sex chromosomes not successfully separating during the formation of the egg or the sperm (Genetic Science Learning Center, 2010). Once this occurs the extra chromosome is then copied into every cell of the embryo (Genetics Science Learning Center, 2008). There are extremely rare cases when there may be three or four extra X chromosomes in all copies of the cells known as 48,XXXY or 49, XXXXY (Stewart, 2007). The 49, XXXXY mosaic is also known as Fraccaros Syndrome and is the most rare form of Klinefelters Syndrome (Duenas et al., 2007). This rare chromosomal abnormality results in more exaggerated features of Klinefelters Syndrome (Stewart, 2007). There are instances where an extra X chromosome is found in only some of the cells (Stewart, 2007). This can be found as two different chromosomal patterns (Stewart, 2007). One pattern occurs when some cells have 46 chromosomes and some have 47 chromosomes (Stewart, 2007). The other pattern is called the mosaic XXY syndrome, or chromosomal mosaicism, and affects approximately six percent of these cases, with the most rare cases being the 48, XXXY or the 49, XXXXY, or other arrangements of X chromosomes (Stewart, 2007). The mosaic XXY syndrome occurs only after conception from a mistake in cell division (Stewart, 2007). Anaphase lag is a result of a gamete lacking a sex chromosome (Klinefelter, 1966). When this chromosome lags it is not incorporated into the new cell during the mitosis stage (Kinefelter, 1996). Anaphase lag is thought to be a reason for the mosaic variations of Klinefelters Syndrome (Klinefelter, 1966). Although the chromosomal abnormality of 49, XXXXY is considered to be a variant form of Klinefelters Syndrome, it appears to have a very independent, distinct phenotype (Duenas et al., 2007). Males that show the 49, XXXXY chromosomal structure have much more severe clinical features than that of a Klinefelters Syndrome male (Duenas et al., 2007). This is the most rare of the Klinefelters Syndrome variants and has been reported in over one hundred cases with the frequency being approximately 1 in 85,000 newborn males (Duenas et al., 2007). There have been reports of an even more extreme variant of Klinefelters Syndrome mosaic in newborn males (Duenas et al., 2007). This variant is a 47, XXY/48, XXXY/49, XXXXY mosaicism and has only been reported in three cases according to a researcher in Mexico (Duenas et al., 2007). This means that the male newborn would have the whole spectrum of XY variations. Another variant that affects only males is the 46, XX chromosomal variation (Bock, 1993). This condition occurs when individuals have two X chromosomes in each cell, but are male in appearance. These individuals have male external geniltalia. These individuals also have small, undescended testes possibly along with an urethra opening on the underside of the penis. A small amount of 46, XX Males have external geniltalia that dont clearly resemble either male or female genitalia. These individuals are typically raised male. Phenotypically, there are three groups of these sex-reversed individuals. The first group includes phenotypically normal XX Males, the second group includes the males with genital ambiguities, and the third group is the true hermaphrodites (Bock, 1993). Description of Characteristics or Traits Klinefelters Syndrome has only one constant physical description and that is the small testicular size (Visootsak Graham, 2003). Boys with Klinefelters Syndrome have variable phenotypic characteristics with no obvious facial dysmorphology (Visootsak Graham, 2003). The presence of gynconemastia, or enlarged breast, and other findings of eunuchoid body habits and sparse body hair vary (Visootsak Graham, 2003). Eunuchoid or eunuchoidism is defined as an abnormal condition in males, characterized by underdeveloped reproductive organs with some female characteristics, such as a higher voice or the lack of facial and body hair that results in the lack of male sex hormones (Eunuchoidism, n.d.). Gonadotropins are produced by glands, such as the pituitary, and can result in sparse body hair when not produced adequately (Gonadotropin, 2010). The medical dictionary states that eunuchoidism is marked by a deficiency of sexual development with the persistence of prepubertal characteristics, and often has the presence of characteristics that are typical of the opposite sex (Eunuchoidism, n.d.). Another likely characteristic is azoospermia (Schoenstadt, 2006; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Azoospermia is defined as having little or no sperm count (Azoospermia, 2010). Testicular dysgenesis, or gonadal dysgenesis, is another characteristic of Klinefelters Syndrome (Schoenstadt, 2006; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Testicular dysgenesis is considered a reproductive system developmental disorder that causes a progressive loss of primordial germ cells, or cells that create gametes, in the developing gonads of an embryo (Gonadal dysgenesis, 2010). This gonadal dysgenesis can lead to the extremely hypoplastic, or underdeveloped, and disfunctioning gonads mainly composed of fibrous tissues (Gonadal dysgenesis, 2010). Most infants and children with the 47, XXXY chromosomal abnormalities go through normal growth stages. It is not until puberty that the Klinefelters Syndrome characteristics or traits become more prevalent and noticeable (Visootsak Graham, 2003). There is a significant increase in height between the ages of five and eight (Visootsak Graham, 2003). Another characteristic of Klinefelters Syndrome is the elongated length of arms and legs (Klinefelter, 1966). There is a decrease in androgen production that causes the secondary sexual characteristics to not fully develop (Visootsak Graham, 2003). An androgen is any substance such as androsterone or testosterone that supports male characteristics (Androgen, n.d.). Typically Klinefelters males are infertile (Visootsak Graham, 2003). However, there have been cases of impregnation without the assistance of medical technology (Visootsak Graham, 2003). Autoimmune diseases such as juvenile arthritis can also be present in Klinefelters adolescents. Whereas boys with Klinefelters Syndrome are generally tall with long limbs and remain thin until puberty, they tend to suffer from obesity latter in life. Neurocognitive effects of Klinefelters Syndrome may be more subtle than that of the physical stigmata. Klinefelters males have been found to have relative deficits on verbal IQ subtests and have verbal IQ scores around 20 points lower than those of unaffected siblings. There are also deficits in articulation, word finding, phonemic processing, verbal memory, language comprehension, oral expression problems, as well as linguistic processing speed. It seems that the speech/language problems and some motor deficits are most common in Klinefelters males that have an extra X chromosome. Ninety-two percent of individuals with Klinefelters Syndrome confirm difficulty learning to read. Seventy percent had reading achievement discrepancies or absolute reading deficits on standardized testing. A group of boys with mental retardation and suspicion of fragile X were subject to a genetic screening and the results showed that eight of these boys had Klinefelters Syndrome. Most of the more extreme verbal, visuospatial, and motor skills, such as found in mental retardation and fragile X syndrome are typically spa red. However, some boys with Klinefelters Syndrome suffer from poor manual dexterity and are commonly found to be clumsy and below average in sports (Wodrich Tarbox, 2008). There are many different factors that may underlie linguistic and reading problems. One possibility is a dysfunction of the left hemisphere that may be related to diminished gray matter or a lack of hemispheric asymmetry, or both. It is also possible that executive and frontal deficits may be a cause (Wodrich Tarbox). There is evidence that language is a fundamental issue for Klinefelters children and this can result in further scholastic issues. This problem seems to manifest as dyslexia as defined by poor reading in the setting of normal intelligence. Klinefelters males have also been observed to have difficulties with arithmetical functions. The deficits in auditory processing and verbal memory are the two key cognitive processes that underlie these difficulties. These deficits are also true for normal chromosomal children with dyslexia. The findings are supportive of the concept that defects in frontal systems seem to be caused by a language-based, left frontal-systems problem (Geschwind Dykens, 2004). Adult Klinefelters males have reported to have difficulties with mental flexibility (Wodrich Dykens, 2004). Even with these studies, it should be noted that not all adults that have Klinefelters Syndrome show these classic patterns of verbal deficits that are observed in children (Geschwind Dykens, 2004). However, these findings are not appropriate for all Klinefelters males, many of which complete high school and move on to post-secondary education successfully (Wodrich Tarbox, 2008). Two characteristics that has been falsely associated with Klinefelters males in the past, is sociopathy and criminal behavior. There is, contrary to this belief, fewer psychiatric problems reported among these individuals. However, there are commonly traits of introversion, unassertiveness, and a paucity or lack of ambition. There are also possible traits of impulsivity and social inappropriateness (Wodrich Tarbox, 2008). A Reiss Profile of Fundamental Goals measurement was used to assess the degrees of which Klinefelters males were motivated in 15 domains (Geschwind Dykens, 2004). The Reiss Profile generates a profile that is based on the motivational sensitivities across the domains of aversive sensations, citizenship, family, curiosity, honor, independence, food, order, physical exercise, rejection, power, sex, social contact, vengeance, and social prestige. The Reiss Profile is a well-established psychometric measure that is being used more and more to assess people with and without mental retardation (Geschwind Dykes, 2004). The results suggested that the Klinefelters male group was not particularly motivated by the need for social prestige, independence, or the desire to seek vengeance. This group was also not motivated to avoid physical pain. The general motivator for all the Klinefelters males in this group was curiosity. There were no age effects to this study (Geschwind Dykes, 2004). Characteristics in Adulthood There is a persistent deficiency of androgen in adulthood that can result in the loss of libido, decreased muscle bulk and tone, decreased bone density, a propensity for thromboembolism (an obstruction in a vein or artery from a blood clot), and an increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular and diabetic complications. A common characteristic for Klinefelters adults is gynecomastia (Wattendorf Muenke, 2005). Gynecomastia involves the risk of developing breast carcinoma. There is 200 times more of a risk for Klinefelters males to develop breast carcinoma than other karyotypically normal individuals. This may be a result of the estradiol (the prominant sex hormone in females) to testosterone ratio being so much higher that karyotypically normal men. Another possibility is that it is caused by the increase of peripheral conversion of testosterone to estradiol (Visootsak Graham, 2006). There are different views as to whether Klinefelters adult males are more aggressive or have a greater chance of psychological issues depending on the resource. One study describes the differences as relative to individual testosterone levels and the age at which they received the diagnosis (Morris, Jackson, Hancock, 2009). Equally, there is an impact from the way the diagnosis is reacted to by the Klinefelters male, the family, and friends or peers. The seven major themes that emerged from this study were the diagnosis, the testosterone treatments, health care problems, appearance, self-identity, relationships, and school and education. Of the Klinefelters adults studied, 60 % reported clinical levels of anxiety and 34% had clinical levels of depression. The results of this study show that a prolonged lack of testosterone can have far reaching negative effects on the Klinefelters adult (Morris, Jackson, Hancock, 2009). The historical studies show a disturbingly increased risk for psychiatric disturbance, criminality, and mental retardation. However, these results are outdated and extremely questionable given the initial examinations were given to institutionalized populations (Chen, 2010). Differential Diagnosis Classic Klinefelters Syndrome, 47, XXY, cases make up approximately 80-90% of all Klinefelters diagnosis. There are approximately 6-10% of these cases that are mosaics, which are the cells with 46, XY/47, XXY; 46, XY/48, XXXY; and 47, XXXY/48, XXXY (Chen, 2010; Visootsak Graham, 2003; Visootsak Graham, 2006). In 5% of the cases there are two X chromosomes without a Y chromosome or 46, XX (Visootsak Graham, 2006). The other cases were karyotypes 48, XXXY, 48, XXYY, 49, XXXXY, and 49, XXXYY (Visootsak Graham, 2003). Approximately 1% of these cases are due to a structurally abnormal X with a normal X and Y chromosome described as kayotypes 47, X,i(Xq)Y and 47, X,del(X)Y (Chen, 2010). Klinefelters Syndrome variants occur much less frequently than the classic 47, XXY chromosomal abnormality (Bock, 1993; Visootsak Graham, 2006). Klinefelter variant 48, XXXY is characterized by being average or tall stature with ocular hyperterlorism, which are widely spaced or deep set eyes; flat nasal bridge; curving of the fifth finger, or clinodactyly. Other characteristics are small penis and testicles with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, which is the absence or decrease in function of the male testes. Theses individuals intelligence quotients range from 40-60. Variant 48, XXYY is characterized by having a tall stature, an eunuchoid habitus with long legs, sparse body hair, small testicles and penis, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and gynecomastia. These individuals intelligence quotients range from 60-80. Males with variant 49, XXXXY are severely affected. They have smaller than average head circumference also known as microcephaly, short stature with ocular hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge, and upslanting palpebral fissures. Cleft palates are present along with small geniltalia and a heart defect known as patent ductus arteriosus. These individuals intelligence quotients range from 20-60. (Visootsak and Graham, 2003). Klinefelters Syndrome 47, XXY, has no major physical signs, which explains why it may go undiagnosed or misdiagnosed throughout an individuals life. Also with no physical signs, it is truly only diagnosed when genetic testing occurs for a variety of unrelated reasons. Klinefelters Syndrome may be diagnosed prenatally or during early childhood, as an adolescent during puberty, or as an adult when there are recognized fertility problems (Bock, 1993). Klinefelters Syndrome can be diagnosed prenatally through amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (Bock, 1993). These tests are normally done if the pregnant woman is older than 35, if there is a family history of genetic defects, or when other medical indications exist (Bock, 1993). A pediatrician may suspect a male child as having Klinefelters Syndrome if there are delays in learning to talk or difficulties in reading and writing as well as physical abnormalities during adolescence (Bock, 1993). Treatments and Interventions All hope is not lost when it comes to the treatment and interventions of the undesirable traits and characteristics that males diagnosed with Klinefelters Syndrome may display or develop. It is recommended that Klinefelters males have a comprehensive neurodevelopmental evaluation as soon as they have been diagnosed. A multidisciplinary developmental evaluation can determine the appropriate treatments during infancy and early childhood. These treatments may include physical therapy, infant simulation programs, and speech therapy (Wattendorf, 2005). If the language difficulties are detected in childhood, then there is more of a possibility for intervention. The language barriers that Klinefelters males may have to cope with can not only affect their academics, it can obstruct their building of social relationships and learning social skills necessary for these relationships. Here is where the Klinefelters child could benefit from a social skills training program. In a social skills training program, the Klinefelters child will be able to practice talking and listening, observing childrens making friends processes, sharing of information, attitudes, and beliefs. This will also assist them in proper classroom behavior and playground behavior. Language disabilities and barriers can prevent Klinefelters males from fitting in socially, so this kind of intervention and assistance can benefit the child greatly. Hearing can be an issue if frequent ear infections occur. Hearing test and screens should be done to ensure that a hearing impairment is not a part of the language difficulties. If the Klinefelters child is not communicating effectively with single words by the ages of 18 to 24 months, then consultation with a speech and language pathologist will be very beneficial (Klinefelter Syndrome Information, 2002). Teachers should be informed of the difficulties that a Klinefelters child may be dealing with in the classroom. A teacher may consider the Klinefelters child to be lazy and daydreaming and a teacher may even forget the child is even in the room. This can result in the Klinefelters child falling behind and eventually being held back a grade. Under the Public Law 94-142, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, adopted by Congress in 1975, all children with disabilities have a right to a free, and appropriate public education (Klinefelter Syndrome Information, 2002). Once the Klinefelters male reaches puberty there is usually an inability to produce a normal amount of testosterone. This along with hypogonadism can result in impaired bone mineral density and skeletal muscle development. Also associated with testosterone deficiency is a decrease in libido and energy (Wattendorf Muenke, 2005). Androgen therapy or Testosterone Treatment should begin by time the Klinefelters male reaches middle school, approximately 12 to 14 years of age, based on the level of pubertal development (Klinefelter Syndrome Information, 2002; Wattendorf Muenke, 2005). Testosterone Treatment will ultimately increase the muscle size and strength, as well as, promoting the growth of body and facial hair. It must be noted that Testosterone Treatments can also bring on psychological changes. It is important to adequately inform the parent(s) and the child of these changes so that they can make the most informed decision (Klinefelter Syndrome Information, 2002). There are diff erent ways to receive Testosterone Treatment and that is through injections, transdermal (patches, gels, or creams), orally, or implantation. The kind of testosterone injection will depend mainly on the dosage used and the country in which you receive the injections. Some injectable testosterone esters are Testosterone enanthate, Testosterone cypionate, Sustanon, Testosterone propionate, Testosterone phenylpropionate, Omnadren, and Aqueous testosterone suspension. Types of transdermal patches are Androderm and Testosterone TTS. Two different kinds of testosterone gels and creams are Androgel, and Testim. A few oral supplements include Methyltestosterone and Testosterone undecanoate. The last form of Testosterone Treatment is the Subcutaneous testosterone pellet, which is delivered by implanting a pellet of pure, crystalline testosterone under the skin of the buttocks or abdomen (Testosterone Types and Delivery, n.d.). Adult males with Klinefelters Syndrome usually develop gynecomastia which predisposes men to breast cancer. Therefore, it is important that Klinefelters males do monthly breast examinations. If gynecomastia causes psychological or physical problems, then possible treatment would be cosmetic surgery to remove the breast tissue (Wattendorf Muenke, 2005). Swerdlow et. al (2005) stated that men with Klinefelter Syndrome have elevated risks of several cancers. Prostate cancer, along with breast cancer was more prevalent. Men with Klinefelter Syndrome are also at a substantially higher risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and possibly lung cancer. Breast cancer risk is higher in 47, XXY mosaics. Adult males may face possible infertility issues due to the lack of testosterone production, but if diagnosed early on, this can be minimized and they will be able to reproduce without outside assistance. Summary Klinefelter Syndrome is one of the more recently discovered medical syndromes. Klinefelter Syndrome is not one that causes major dysfunctions and is usually only discovered during genetic testing for infertility or during prenatal testing due to maternal age or prior genetic issues within the family. Because Klinefelter Syndrome has not had a lot of research until the last few years, there is no federal funding set aside for this syndrome. Families with sons that are found to be affected by it have no real support system that is knowledgeable of this syndrome and have to research on their own and create resources to fit their situation as none are available in most areas.

Monday, January 20, 2020

Christianity, the True Religion Essay -- Religion Christian Jesus

Christianity, the True Religion I was raised Catholic, at the insistance of my parents. After many years of drinking and partying, I got very bored and thought, Is this ALL there is to life?!?! I thought, If there really IS any truth to a life after death, I should at least TRY to find the answer. I started to do some research on science and religion to see if I could come up with any TRUTH about the meaning of life. In school, I was taught that mankind was evolving and getting better, but it didnt appear that way to me. It SEEMED as though modern science had proven that God didnt exist. As I did more research on my own, I found out that this just isnt the case. I learned that the Universe and ALL matter have a DEFINITE beginning. Most atheists and re-incarnationists believe that the Universe has ALWAYS existed, but this contradicts the fact. Cause and effect tells us that the Universe must have been caused. It is logical to believe that an invisible, non-material God had caused the beginning of the Universe. Some think that aliens and U.F.O.s have something to do with our existence, but even if they DID exist, THEY would need a beginning as well! The evolutionists believe that evolution is a FACT, and that the fossil record PROVES it. I learned that neither evolution NOR creation are FACTS, they are only THEORIES! There is NO way to PROVE either one because they CANNOT be re-created in a lab experiment. Whatever THEORY you believe, you MUST believe by FAITH. I learned that when something dies, it does NOT become a fossil, it rots away VERY quickly. Fossils are formed by RAPID burial and destruction , NOT over SUPPOSED billions of years! What the fossil record DOES prove, is that there was a TERRIBLE global disaster. Scattered across mountain tops all over the world are fossils of both modern & extinct ocean and land creatures ALL MIXED TOGETHER. This fact can ONLY be explained by a RECENT Creation and a WORLDWIDE FLOOD, and NOT by evolution. I thought that evolution was true just because the majority accepted it. The MAJORITY also used to believe that the Earth was FLAT!!! Then I was confused about all the different religions out there. Which God should I serve?!?! Does it REALLY matter as long as I am sincere and a GOOD PERSON I thought, What if I am sincerely WRONG!?!? I started to do some more research to try to find the TRUTH. ... ...ask questions. I am just writing this paper because I was SO surprised that I was able to find REALLY satisfying answers to all my questions, when I thought that no one could EVER really know the TRUTH for sure. I read some books on life after death and re-incarnation by people who have CLAIMED to have died. Then I thought If these people were REALLY dead, then they STILL would be!! I DONT expect anyone to just believe me or this paper, but I would HOPE that this article would at LEAST make people think about all of this on their OWN and do some of their OWN investigating!! I just wanted to share what I have learned and to give people a head start. I know how difficult it is to listen to someone else tell you about their religion, I was there. It all seemed so confusing to me, at first. Since Ive done all this research, I KNOW that the Bible is TRULY Gods Word to all mankind, and I believe it. I pray that THE LORD JESUS CHRIST uses this paper to open up the minds and hearts of everyone who reads this so that they may be saved from an eternity separated from GOD and in hell. Eternity is a loooong time to gamble with. If you died right now, do you know where YOU would go !?!?!

Saturday, January 11, 2020

T box

The T- box is a power generated device that harnesses wind energy as trains run over railroad tracks. This alternative form of wind energy produced by trains is very unique, as it does not depend on any natural energy sources. Instead, the energy generated from this device is produced as a consequence of human activity. The T- box device generates energy without any interference of the normal train operation – the device is installed between railroad ties, and is partially buried underground. As the train passes over the device, the wind generated from the train spins the turbine nside the T- box to generate electricity.The T- box contains all the mechanical components required for harnessing, storing and supplying converted power. Hence, the power generated from this device can be supplied to public facilities along the railway and also to remote areas where electricity has not yet reached. The T-box How much power can the T- Box generate? A train moving at 125mph would gener ate a wind speed equivalent to 50 feet/ second. Wind blowing with such speed will let a normal wind power generator harness about 3500W of power. If a train is about 656 feet long, running at the pace of 187mph, and it moves along a 0. 2 mile railway track in about 18 seconds, the power generated in this small period by the T- boxes laid on the tracks will be 2. 6KW. Qian and Luparini estimate that about 1 50 T-box devices could be accomodated along a 0. 62 mile railway track. Installation of the T- box To fit the T- box on the tracks, some work has to be done on them: Firstly, concaves have to be constructed in cement between each of two sleepers Two brackets then ave to be placed on two sides of the concaves The brackets have to be examined to ensure that they are well fixed The T-box is then set upon the maneuvered tracks Installed T- boxes Is the T-box eco friendly?The T- box has so far been considered quite environmentally friendly. The T- box does not produce any harmful chemi cals nor has it been proven to have any other side effects thus far. Anticipated problems Keeping the T- box devices clean can pose great problem. As the train passes, quite a bit of dirt and debris will be kicked up, and will land on the upper surface of the T- ox. Also, grease and grime deposits escaping from underneath will contribute to contaminating the device.Future of the T- box As the hunger tor alternative torms ot energy continues, the T-box nas generated hope. This device presents a new generation of wind power generators, and has created quite a sensation among techno buffs. However, it is important to remember that the design is still in the conceptual stage and has not taken into account all of the preservation and maintenance issues that are likely to pose a problem in any future use of this device.