Week 5 Case Study Interpersonal Communications Essay

Name: Betty Renteria Submittal Date: 9/01/13 Course Number and Section Week 5 Case Study Questions #1.) Relationships are dictated by the use of power of one or both individuals. What are the various forms of power and which type of power does Coach Johnson have with his team? The types of power are: interpersonal power , legitimate, referent power , expert power , reward power , coercive power. I believe Coach Johnson has coercive and legitimate power. #2.) A turning point is a specific event or interaction that is associated with positive or negative changes in a relationship. In your opinion, what is the turning point for Gilbert in the initial situation? Do you think that is the same turning point for Coach Johnson? What†¦show more content†¦How would you apply the social exchange theory to the case study? The social exchange theory is a theory that claims people make relationship decisions by assessing and comparing the costs and reward. Rewards are the positive outcomes we receive by being in the relationship, including friendship and love, fun and laughter, money or favors, support and assistance, and confirmation of our value. Costs are the negative outcomes that reflect a loss, such as loss of time, loss of freedom, financial loss, denigration of our self-esteem, and even psychological or physical abuse. I would apply the social exchange theory in this case study that the reward is Gilbert being/maintaining the star athlete and the costs is Coach Johnsons expectations and Gilberts attitude. #5.) How does attitude – both verbally and non-verbally communicated – affect the long-term relationship? Given the scenario path you choose, what might Gilbert do to change his attitude and get back in line with Coach Johnson and the team? Attitude that is communicated affects long-term relationships because it builds expectations. Non-verbal communication can speak louder than words since negativity can be visualized even stronger when nothing is being said. Verbal communication affects long-term relationships by providing clarity to conversations. With the path I chose, Gilbert should have tried harder during practice instead of bad mouthing the coach to his friends.Show MoreRelatedCommunication As A Communication Tool1043 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to the Topic The assigned reading for forum 5 discussed interpersonal and organizational communication channels in the workplace. The different types of communication are oral communication, formal written communication, non-verbal communication, and presentations. Satterlee (2013) shows the communication process to involve a sender, a receiver, meaning, encoding, the message transmittal, a channel, decoding, interpreting, and feedback. 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Extra Sensory Perception Essay - 1217 Words

Extra Sensory Perception Have you ever had the feeling that youve been in an establishment before youve actually gone inside? Did you ever feel like youve known that something was about to happen before there were any signs that it was about to occur? If youre not a skeptic about the powers of the mind, then there might just be an explanation for your seemingly coincidental premonitions. Its a phenomenon called extra sensory perception, better known as ESP. The textbook definition of this classification of parapsychology is sensing anything beyond the normal.(www.paranormalatoz.com) Most scientists do not believe that this phenomenon exists. Nevertheless, controversial evidence can be used to sway the incredulous. By viewing and†¦show more content†¦The actual term extra sensory perception wasnt used until the early 1930s. During this time an American scientist, Joseph Banks Rhine first began his ground breaking experiments testing ESPs validity.(Encarta) His research was conducted at the Parapsycho logy Laboratory of North Carolinas, Duke University.(Encarta) Rhines most well-known experiment involved a deck of twenty-five cards. On the cards, written in heavy black ink, each card had a different design on them. The designs included a star, a cross, a square, or wavy lines.(Encarta) The concealed deck of twenty-five cards was shuffled. One random card was drawn from the deck at a time and the test subject was asked to identify the hidden marking on the flip-side of the card. If the test subject correctly identified five out of twenty five cards correctly, it was considered pure chance.(Encarta) Rhine and his associates concluded that if the individual named six out of ten of the cards correctly, then indeed the test subject possessed extra sensory perception.(Encarta) From his experimentally proved evidence, it can easily be seen which stand Rhine took on the controversial existence of ESP. However, not all scientists had acknowledged the authenticity of his trials and the leg itimacy of this branch of pseudo-science called parapsychology. Certain scientists do not believe in the reality of extrasensory perception due to their lack of faith in the experiments that test itsShow MoreRelatedEssay ESP - Extra Sensory Perception2127 Words   |  9 Pagesdays before the twin towers of Manhattan collapse. (2) What is going on here? Extrasensory perception. 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By combining this knowledge of perception and design, an extremely effective room plan can beRead More Humans Senses and Perceptions Essay examples1418 Words   |  6 Pagessenses with which we observe and perceive our surroundings. Although our senses, and sense perceptions indeed are amazing, the knowledge gained by these faculties is sometimes misleading. The reason why our senses, at times, err is twofold, first the sensory organs we are endowed with are not entirely accurate, and are not equipped to perceive and measure all information. The second reason for errors in perception is that we all interpret the data we revived via there organs differently. As PenelopeRead Mor eTelepathy763 Words   |  4 Pagesshowed me that I may have some sort of extra-sensory ability. If I do, I would like to look more into myself and see if what I have is real. I would also like to conduct a few more experiments to make sure this one experiment wasn’t just coincidence. This experiment, in conclusion, has showed me that extra-sensory perception could be a reality. Unfortunately, I did not gather enough information from the one experiment to conclude that extra-sensory perception is, for a fact, reality. I have also concludedRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1539 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Æ' Family Health Assessment Family health assessment is a great tool to utilize to develop health care plans for the individual family. There are many cultural beliefs and values shared by family members that influence their health perception. Gordon’s functional health assessment is used for a comprehensive nursing data base collection of the family unit using both subjective and objective data. Gordon’s functional health assessment is a holistic approach describing the individual’s biopsychosocial-spiritualRead MoreI Can Identify A Self1145 Words   |  5 Pagesto ‘self’ is one perception after another. Although I do not have an awareness of when I was born, my first awareness was my 6th birthday and the one person that I wanted to be there did not show, needless to say I was a very sad and disappointed 6 year old that day. If that person had shown, would my perception of â€Å"self† be different today or have reshaped my â€Å"self† in any way? I often think about the perceptions I have of what has happened in my life, would these perceptions bee n different ifRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1537 Words   |  7 Pageswhich she proposed functional health patterns as a guide to establishing a comprehensive data base.(Kriegleramp;Harton,1992).Gordon’s eleven functional health patterns are;1)Health perception/values, 2)Nutrition, 3)Sleep/rest, 4) Elimination, 5)Activity/exercise, 6) Cognitive, 7) Sensory perception, 8) Self perception, 9) Roles/relationships, 10) Sexuality, 11) Coping. 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Patient’s Impression On Assessments Exhibits Cushing’s Syndrome

Question: Discuss about the Patients Impression On Assessments Exhibits Cushings Syndrome. Answer: Introduction The case study review entails a female Patient, Smith Moureen aged 24 years. She is experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and fatigue which are worsening. The patient has a history of rheumatoid arthritis and is currently under corticosteroids medication. Further, she has type II diabetes and she is on metformin medication for the same. On admission various vital information have been undertaken and the patients impression on assessments exhibits Cushings syndrome. Causes of Cushings syndrome Cushing syndrome is a collection of various signs and symptoms caused by prolonged exposure of cortisol drug. Accompanying symptoms include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity characterised by slender arms and legs, fat lumps observed on the shoulders and skin which is fragile which is occasioned by poor healing process. Women have been observed to have more hair growth and abnormal menstruation periods. There can also be occasioned headaches and feeling of tiredness, (Bertagna et al, 2009). Cushing syndrome is caused by excessive cortisol related drugs like prednisone or tissue growth which leads to excessive production of cortisol in the adrenal glands. The functions of cortisol in the body include regulation of blood pressure, reducing the immune system response on inflammatory system, conversion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats into energy form, regulation of insulin effects and stress response, (Melmed et al, 2011). The body can be induced to produce elevated levels of cortisol based on factors such as stress levels, alcoholism, malnutrition and depression. Thus the most common causes of Cushing disease is the excessive use of corticosteroid and maintenance of high doses for longer durations, (Jeffcoate et al, 1979). Incidences of Cushing syndrome The incidences of Cushing syndrome have been imprecise and are likely to be under estimated. Pituitary ACTH Cushing syndrome is approximately 5-6 times common than other forms caused by benign or malignant tumours, (Govindan et al, 2006). The epidemiologic reports indicate that there are approximately 5-25 per million cases per year, however with this statistics, the reported cases are much lower at 1.2-2.4 per million in any given year, (James et al, 2016). The associative prevalence of hypercortisolinism has been estimated to be around 2%-5% among patients with poor control and management of diabetes and hypertension. The female gender has high prevalence to the male gender in the ratio of 3:1, (Melmed et al, 2011). Cushing syndrome is a rare disease among children. the disease is fatal as it can cause death and increased morbidity and mortality rate which is characterised by cardiovascular complications,(Steffensen et al, 2010). In US, studies have estimated that the incidence was higher than those reported form European based studies. The results indicated that it affected an estimate of 6.2 to 7.6 per million persons- years, (Broder et al, 2015). Risks factors Cushing syndrome risks factors are well established; however epidemiological studies have diagnosed more females than males. Further it is common among the age group of 25 years to 40 years. The common risks factors for the disease are; Type diabetes, obesity and fluctuating blood glucose levels Long term usage of corticosteroid drugs Pituitary gland tumours Adrenal gland disease and Ectopic ACTH forms of secreting tumours Impacts on the patient and family Cushing disease has tremendous effects on the patients and the family. Weight management of the patients is affected and further it deteriorates the health status of the patients through increased mortality and morbidity. The patients often experience sudden increase in weight, poor wound management, prolong fatigue, anxiety disorders, emotional disturbances, sleep disorders, experiencing menstrual irregularities. These impacts have enormous effects on psychological and emotional disturbance on the patients and their families. The patients often feel increasing signs of sickness but symptoms seem like depression or hypochondriac lacking diet and exercise fitness. Further often the family; dont understand the situation the patient is undergoing and support your getting is just to advise you to change the lifestyle, further deteriorating the impact on the patient. Signs and symptoms Sign and symptom Path physiology linkage Rapid weight gain - The patients often experience weight gain on the trunk locations and face areas. It is often characterised by growth of fat pads on the back and the neck side of the body, (Assie et al., 2007). Memory and attention dysfunction - This commonly characterised by depression which is often linked to elevated usage of cortisol medication in the body. Further it is compounded by anxiety disorders and depression symptoms, (Clayton et al, 2011). High blood pressure and increased urination - With the effect and functionality of cortisol on epinephrine vasoconstriction, (Clayton et al 2011). Insulin resistance - This is associated with production of ACTH outside pituitary gland. This leads to diabetes mellitus and resistance to insulin. Gastrointestinal disturbance - This is characterised by increased cortisol, further it can lead to mergence of opportunistic infections and suppression of immunity, (Cavagnini Pecori 2001). - Linked to patient BMI status which at the level of obesity class three with fat distribution based on the abdominal area and hump shoulders. - The patient is exhibiting increased fatigue which could be linked to attention dysfunction and anxiety leading to fatigueless. - Vital assessments of the patients indicate elevated levels of blood pressure of 154/106 mmHg against a normal Bp of ranges of 120/80-140/90 - The blood sugar level for the patient is 14.0mmol/L, way above the standard ranges, and signifying resistance to metformin medication. - The patient exhibits gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain. Medication for Cushing syndrome management The role of medication is to decrease the secretion of cortisol and blockage of receptors of glucocorticoids and inhibition of ACTH. The various classes of these drugs are; Steroid genesis inhibitors OpDDD drugs are aimed at reducing the cleavage around cholesterol. It inhibits cortisol secretion among patients with Cushing syndrome. It is effective in half of the patients and has been shown to induce adrenal atrophy, (Castinetti et al., 2008). Another drug inhibitor drug is Ketaconazole which inhibits production of cytochrome p450 enzymes. It normalizes the levels of cortisols, (Castinetti et al., 2008). Metyrapone drug blocks the synthesis of cortisol through inhibiting beta hydroxylase. It is effective in more than 50% of the patients, it further induces low production of potassium and hyperandrogenism, (Obinata et al, 2008). Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist drugs Mifepristone drug is a receptor antagonist drug under this class. It is effective clinical signs control in hypercortisolism, (Castinetti et al., 2009). ACTH lowering drugs The drugs under this class are effective anti secretory and anti tumoral in prolactinomas disease. Nursing Care strategies for the patient Monitoring and management of associative complications In the first 24 hours, there is need for management of adrenal hypofunction, which calls for close monitoring for weak pulse, respiratory rates and body weakness. There is need for administration of IV fluids to the patient and management of electrolytes and presence of corticosteroids, before and after treatment. Further close monitoring of lab results to check statuses of electrolytes is key for the patient. Further since the patient is diabetic, there is need for close monitoring of blood glucose levels and taking appropriate actions towards increase in blood sugar levels. Further there is need for close monitoring for acute adrenal condition, which is a life threatening condition characterised by low levels of cortisol hormone from adrenal glands. Monitoring the intake and output of the patient is key in ensuring daily weights and glucose levels and accurate assessment of electrolytes. Urine sample tests will be initiated at 24 hours before medication. Blood samples assessment ensures there is regular management of the hormone levels for the patient. Normal levels cortisol in both urine and blood needs to drop after initiation of medication, since the drug initiates signal on pituitary gland to lower levels of Adrenocorticotropic hormone. Assessment of late night corticosol in saliva is key in ensuring there is sufficient production. The level of cortisols at night normally drops and this might be an indicator for corticosol production management which may require further diagnosis. Decreasing risk of injury As a nurse there is need for providing protective environment for the patient to prevent any fall, fracture and other injuries which are linked to bones and body tissues. Further there is need to assist the patient, as he is weak in ambulation and to ensure that there is prevention of falls. Reduction of risk of infection There is need to ensure that the patient is kept in an unexposed environment which might lead to infections. As a nurse, there is need to assess subtle infections. In case the patient has been scheduled for surgery in the first 24 hours, there is need to monitor frequently the blood sugar levels and managing it and stool assessments for diabetes mellitus and peptic ulcers which are predominant problems associated with. References Assi, G., Bahurel, H., Coste, J., Silvera, S., Kujas, M., Dugu, M. A., ... Bertagna, X. (2007). Corticotroph tumor progression after adrenalectomy in Cushings disease: a reappraisal of Nelsons syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism, 92(1), 172-179. Bertagna, X., Guignat, L., Groussin, L., Bertherat, J. (2009). Cushing's disease. Best Practice Research Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism, 23(5), 607-623. Broder, M. S., Neary, M. P., Chang, E., Cherepanov, D., Ludlam, W. H. (2015). Incidence of Cushings syndrome and Cushings disease in commercially-insured patients 65 years old in the United States. Pituitary, 18(3), 283-289. Castinetti, F., Fassnacht, M., Johanssen, S., Terzolo, M., Bouchard, P., Chanson, P., ... Young, J. (2009). Merits and pitfalls of mifepristone in Cushing's syndrome. European journal of endocrinology, 160(6), 1003-1010. Castinetti, F., Morange, I., Jaquet, P., Conte-Devolx, B., Brue, T. (2008). Ketoconazole revisited: a preoperative or postoperative treatment in Cushing's disease. European Journal of Endocrinology, 158(1), 91-99. Cavagnini, F., Pecori, F. G. (2001, April). Epidemiology and follow-up of Cushing's disease. In Annales d'endocrinologie (Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 168-172). Clayton, R. N., Raskauskiene, D., Reulen, R. C., Jones, P. W. (2011). Mortality and morbidity in Cushing's disease over 50 years in Stoke-on-Trent, UK: audit and meta-analysis of literature. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism, 96(3), 632-642. Govindan, R., Page, N., Morgensztern, D., Read, W., Tierney, R., Vlahiotis, A., ... Piccirillo, J. (2006). Changing epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer in the United States over the last 30 years: analysis of the surveillance, epidemiologic, and end results database. Journal of clinical oncology, 24(28), 4539-4544. James, B. C., Aschebrook-Kilfoy, B., Cipriani, N., Kaplan, E. L., Angelos, P., Grogan, R. H. (2016). The incidence and survival of rare cancers of the Thyroid, Parathyroid, adrenal, and Pancreas. Annals of surgical oncology, 23(2), 424-433. Jeffcoate, W. J., Silverstone, J. T., Edwards, C. R. W., Besser, G. M. (1979). Psychiatric manifestations of Cushing's syndrome: response to lowering of plasma cortisol. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 48(3), 465-472. Melmed, S., Polonsky, K. S., Larsen, P. R., Kronenberg, H. M. (1897). Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 2011. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia. Melmed, S., Polonsky, K. S., Larsen, P. R., Kronenberg, H. M. (1897). Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 2011. Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia. Obinata, D., Yamaguchi, K., Hirano, D., Yoshida, T., Soma, M., Takahashi, S. (2008). Preoperative management of Cushing's syndrome with metyrapone for severe psychiatric disturbances. International journal of urology, 15(4), 361-362. Steffensen C, Bak AM, Rubeck KZ, Jorgensen JO: Epidemiology of Cushing's syndrome. Neuroendocrinology. 2010, 92 (Suppl 1): 1-5.

Kohlbergs Moral Development Concept

Table of Contents Introduction Kohlberg’s Moral Development Concept Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Conclusion References Introduction The lives of human beings are marked by milestones throughout the time they are alive. These milestones are marked by changes in both the biological and psychological processes that have been beforehand studied by psychologists. Early psychologists came up with theories that expound on the developmental differences across the lifespan of human beings; notable being Sigmund Freud.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Kohlberg’s Moral Development Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He is deemed as the father of psychoanalysis since he influenced psychologists into thinking deeper into the development differences. Freud is renowned for finding a sexual cause to most psychological problems, and some psychologists like Erikson agreed with this school of thought, othe rs like Kohlberg felt there were other developmental differences. Kohlberg developed the moral development theory looking at the progress made in the development. His theories on the development of the morals contributed to contemporary psychologists’ researches in using variables that may affect the moral development theory (Kenyon, 2009). This paper looks into the process of moral development as explained by Kohlberg’s theory. Kohlberg’s Moral Development Concept The moral development theory that Kohlberg came up with was based on creating a moral dilemma and asking people’s opinion on the justification of the acts. In his theory, the analogy he used frequently was the story of a man who broke into the shop of a druggist that had discovered a drug that could cure his wife’s cancer. In Kohlberg’s theory, he asks if the act of breaking into the store is right or wrong. He asks if the husband’s acts are justified by the fact that he lo ved his wife so much that he would do anything to ensure she lived. He states that the primary objective of humanity is preserving the life of human beings (Shaffer and Kipp, 2009). The strength of his theory lies in being able to classify the moral development process into stages that show how development progresses. He also introduces the three stages of moral development progress, the first being the pre-conventional stage. In this stage, he explains that the moral reasoning is from an egocentric point of view as will be discussed further in this paper. The second is the conventional stage where the moral argument is based on role taking abilities to determine what is right and what is wrong. The third stage is the post-conventional where moral reasoning requires formal operations (Kenyon, 2009). Kohlberg theory shows a continuous view of development with each stage giving way for another stage in the process. This is continuous because, in every stage of the moral development, t he moral reasoning changes to become increasingly complex over the years. Childhood This is the first stage of the developmental process in the life of a human being at 0 years top about 6years. It is characterized by Cognition where the brain goes through extensive changes as they learn things around their environment (Sigelman and Rider, 2008). This stage is also characterized by self regulation where the child learns how to stop doing some things in public such as fondling their private parts.Advertising Looking for report on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moral reasoning of the child is determined by his or her response to cultural norms, interpreted by the physical consequences of the action. During the egocentric judgment, the child has no concept of rules and thus judges what is right on what he enjoys doing and the wrong on that which hurts him. Another stage described by Kohlberg includes the punishment a nd obedience orientation, signifying the goodness or severity of an action is determined by the physical consequence of the action. There are factors that influence the progress of the developmental process, habitually classified as hereditary and environmental. The hereditary factors include prenatal defects that may affect adversely the child’s cognitive growth and hence its moral development. An example of environmental factors is the diet or a disease that stunts the child’s growth process, making it have problems in the process of moral development since they fail to relate with the cultural rules. Adolescence This stage is among those which most people rarely tackle efficiently, since it is marked with extremities of emotions and attitude as the adolescents try to define and adapt themselves. The stage sets in at age 10 to about 14 years on average. It is characterized by a growth spurt that is marked in height and size of the person, as well as hormonal changes that bring out a young woman or man. This stage also shows an increased ability to use abstract thoughts. The adolescents start to recognize the preservation of the expectations of his family as precious regardless of the instantaneous consequences. This stage enforces conformity and loyalty to personal expectations and social order among societies (Newman and Newman, 2008). This is the conventional level, and it constitutes two levels. The first is the interpersonal concordance orientation, which justifies the correct action as that which is widely accepted in the societal context. In this stage of orientation, the behavior is normally judged by the intention of the person. The second stage of this level is law and order orientation, where the individual is oriented into respecting the authority as part of right behavior (Kenyon, 2006). Similar to the childhood stage, the moral development process in this stage is influenced the hereditary factors that were established at the child hood level. Impairments such as mental disorders may inhibit an individual’s ability to abide by the social norms. Other related factors include environmental attributes such as the company that an individual keeps, owing to how it appreciably determines the conformity level of the individual. Adulthood This stage is marked from an average age of 20 years to about 50 years of the human life span. It is characterized by an ability to initiate intrinsic motivation to carry out duties. It is also marked by a heavy sense of responsibility, and the person experiences a sense of autonomy (Newman and Newman, 2008). In this stage, the adults have reached the Post–Conventional or Principled Level where the individual strive to determine ethics accepted in the societal context, distinct from the association of the individual with the group.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Kohlberg’s Moral Development Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The hereditary influences on the process of growth include genetically inherited diseases such as diabetes, which may cloud a person’s judgement on what is justified or wrong. There are other environmental factors that influence the growth process such as the work place. This may be strenuous and may eventually cause psychotic disorders, affecting the person’s judgment. Conclusion In the discussion of the different developmental stages, it is clear that social interaction and cultural norms plays a pivotal role in moral growth processes of human beings. Kohlberg’s theory proves to be correct since for wholesome development of human beings, the moral aspect needs to be fully developed in order to ensure a socially balanced community. In the childhood stage, the person experiences egocentric judgment that involves judging acts as right or wrong according to how they make him feel. This gradually grows into the conventional level at adolescence where the individual resorts to conformity. It happens as the individual seeks approval from the other people. In adulthood, individuals make an effort to define moral more clearly. References Kenyon, R. (2009). Stages of Moral Development. Xenodochy.org. Retrieved from: http://www.xenodochy.org/ex/lists/moraldev.html Lerner, R. (2002). Concepts and Theories of Human Development. New York: Routledge. Newman, B., and Newman, P. (2008). Development through Life: A Psychological Approach. London: Cengage Learning. Shaffer, D. and Kipp, K. (2009). Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Adolescence. London: Cengage Learning.Advertising Looking for report on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sigelman, C., and Rider, E. (2008). Life-Span Human Development. London: Cengage Learning. This report on Kohlberg’s Moral Development Concept was written and submitted by user Nelson Madden to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Our hearts fell to the ground Essay Essays

Our hearts fell to the ground Essay Essays Our hearts fell to the ground Essay Essay Our hearts fell to the ground Essay Essay Colin Calloway has done a consummate occupation of choosing and showing an array of addresss. letters. paperss. and drawings that tell obliging narratives about the Plain Indians in the 1800’s. His debut entirely has merely the right degree of information and links basic subjects and events to the paperss presented in the text. In short. a theoretical account of how an debut should be done. Colin Calloway’s purposes were to concentrate on the humanistic survey of the Plain Indians positions on how the West was lost. It provides us with the existent positions of Indian people who lived through those times of manifestation and assimilation. From the Lewis and Clark expedition to the edifice of railwaies. he attempts to explicate the traumatic alterations of the Native Americans during the 19th century. He opens our eyes from what earlier historiographers whose work seems now outdated. preferring to deliver elements of their work. The narrations are divided into 14 chapters. which supply historical papers and secondary essays puting these paperss within their historical context. Each chapter unfolds 1 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND to demo the calamity the Plains Indian had to digest from the white colonists and their greed for land and prosperity. From the slaughter of whole folk. the out interruption of the unobserved slayer. and the forced assimilation through the reserve systems were merely a few accounts for why the Indians Numberss dwindled in the 1800s. It was non until the center of the 20th century that the world of their agony showed up in history books. Any Hagiographas prior merely portrayed the Native American as barbarians and rebellious people. about to a love affair flood tide. Unlike the books in the yesteryear. Calloway used tribal imposts as a agency to attest the existent torture the Plains Indians encountered. The Native Americans were regarded as â€Å"people without history† . when in fact the Indians recorded their history by vocals. dances. narratives. fables. and ocular records on American bison robes known as winter counts. Calloway reveals to the reader the Ways the Native American used the winter counts as a mnemotechnic device passed from one coevals to another marked with pictographs that recorded notable events in tribal life that took topographic point each twelvemonth. It was these imposts that enabled 2 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND seniors to chronologically go through on their heritage to guarantee the endurance of their folk. Calloway disclosed through addresss of the Native American that they were by and large peaceable and friendly people who wanted peace and non war with the white adult male. Most addresss contained dissension but credence of the white adult male ways. from the breakage of pacts to the impossible slaughter of their American bison. The American Native hoping to keep their clasp on what small land and civilization remained to them tried to accept the ways of their new neighbours. After reading this book I have a new position about the Native American. Unlike earlier. when I heard the word Indian I thought of them as barbarians of the Wild West for the most portion. I now think of them as intelligent. prideful. and humanist people who merely wanted to be left entirely to populate the life they were accustomed to. Bottom line. if it was non for the white colonists coercing their manner of life onto the Native Americans. they would non of reacted as they did. The colonists left them no pick!

Boyz N The Hood essays

Boyz N The Hood essays MOVING BEYOND THE BOUNDARIES: HOW THE USE OF MUSIC DEVELOPS JOHN SINGLETON'S BOYZ N THE HOOD John Singleton's movie Boyz N The Hood is the story of three young men who are forced to deal with the reality of life in South Central, Los Angeles. Singleton uses this setting to illustrate the obstacles facing these young black men who unavoidably encounter violence all around them. Singleton refrains from portraying his characters as inner-city misfits but instead he characterizes them as average American teenagers who are caught in a situation in which they have no control. Doughboy is an average American teenager but his behavior is not that of an average teenager. It is a result of the influence from the society he has experienced. The music used throughout the movie allows the film to move beyond the boundaries of just telling a story. Through the use of music in the film Singleton is able to accentuate significant situations and display the contrast between characters. The use of mus ic in Boyz N The Hood allows Singleton to thematically advance the film. Singleton magnifies significant situations through the use of music. With each song, the choice of instruments and lyrics creates an emotional response by the viewer which gives the scene a new dimension. The main instrument in the movie is the wailing saxophone. When the saxophone is played it allows for the intensity of the scene to build to its climax. The saxophone is utilized in the scenes in which a person breaks into Furious's house and when Ricky is shot. The saxophone is always present when violence is going to take place. The other type of instrumental music that is used is a soft, slow sound which creates a feeling of relaxation and tenderness. This type of music is used when Tre is receiving a lesson from one of his parents. The soft music played during these moments illustrates his parent's loving nature and the concern they both have about his future. By utilizing this sy...

Busiess law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Busiess law - Research Paper Example lang=04 RERA seeks to aim transparency and effectiveness as a regulatory body in the conduct of its day to day activities in various real estate transactions. RERA is actively and constructively enforced new laws and regulations, as well as imposing the appropriate penalties, which include fines and removal from the authorized developer and broker registers.5Taylor, C. (2008)6. Getting the Balance Right, The Report: Dubai 2008.7 Oxford Business Group.8 In April 2009, Dubai has made significant changes in the cancellation of real estate projects pursuant to Law No. 9 of 2009. Specifically, Section 5 of Law No.9 has empowered the Real Estate Regulatory Agency (RERA) to cancel a real estate project. Hence, the developer must return to the purchaser all the amounts paid in occurrence of such event. â€Å"This provision has energized the investor community, insofar as it mandates that developers should give investors a 100 percent refund if a project is cancelled†. Yamalova, L.9 (2 009)10. ‘Ambiguity Prevails Over RERA Regulations’11. ... end of the notice period stipulated in the preceding paragraph the Purchaser has not fulfilled his contractual obligations, the following provisions shall apply: a.) â€Å"In case the Developer has completed at least 80% of the project, the Developer may keep the full amounts paid and request the Purchaser to settle the remaining amount of the contract price. If this was not possible, the Developer may request that the property be auctioned in order to collect the remaining amounts due to it; b.) In case the Developer has completed at least 60% of the project, the Developer may revoke the contract and deduct up to 40% of the purchase price of the Real Estate Unit stipulated in the contract; c.) In case of projects where construction commended but did not reach 60%, the Developer may revoke the contract and deduct up to 25% of the purchase price of the Real Estate Unit stipulated in the contract; d.) In case of projects whereat construction has not yet commenced for reasons beyond th e Developer’s control without any negligence or omission on its part, the Developer may revoke the contract and deduct up to 30% of the total amounts paid by the Purchaser.†14Article 11, Sec. 2 Law No. 9 of 2009. ‘Real Estate Related Laws-Law No. 9 of 2009’15, Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultancy16. Retrieved on May 20, 201117, from the World Wide Web: http://www.awf.ae/law-9-2009.html.18 The enactment of Law No. 9 also provides that in case â€Å"RERA may, decide to cancel a real estate project, following a grounded report, in which case the Developer must return to the Purchasers all the amounts paid by them in accordance with the provisions of Law No (8) of 2007 concerning Escrow Accounts of Real Estate Developments in the Emirate of Dubai†. 19 Article 11, Sec. 5 Law No. 9 of

Communication Issues Paper (Individual) Research

Communication Issues (Individual) - Research Paper Example The community ought to support music, whereby since FBi is independent and has passionate volunteer, the people need to listen to the music the radio station plays. This is because, as Somerville (2011) states a community can be a way of organising the societal relationships, having a desirable quality of mutual regard and sociability. The role of the community involves summons to undertake in joint, mutual action. This implies that the community, which is the target group, should play a considerable role in ensuring that the music played by the station, which mainly is local, receives audience so as to promote the talents of local artists. The music also ensures that the social relationships are strong and binding as seen in the research work of Howley (2010). For these issues regarding to music, the stakeholders include, the volunteers who work for the radio station and the whole community who are the listeners. The radio station requires support from the community to pay for radio . For the radio station to stay on air, the station needs financial supporters. To make this real, the community should be able to make pledges to support the station by contributing a small amount at the end of every month. According to Somerville (2011), commonality is the requisite imperative that helps in the foundation of the community, which has a common project or goal. Since it is the aspiration of the community to get a radio station which is non-profit, then it is also their obligation to finance it to ensure its smooth operation. The non-profit organization requires support from the community to remain independence. According to Parada & Homan (2011), the radio station plays unique music, which is new and local. Other stations do not have this music genre. Since the radio station is a community sponsored unlike other radio stations which are commercial, the ratings or the profits do not dictate the music the radio station plays. The station plays music since they like it, and it is the urge of the station for people to like the music. Music, which is independent and local, helps understand the community well. According to Secomb (2007), there is a need to consider the community perspectives brought about by the music played so as to understand the community. The music also describes the community subsystems, the peripherals of the community, the functioning of the community and community characteristics which are basic. To be able to support the non-profit organization and the local music, the people around the community should make a regular contribution so as to keep new music on the air waves. To elaborate more on the community engagement issue that the radio station needs, the station requires more volunteers. The radio station will ensure that the volunteers have their rights to be treated as co-workers, have all the details regarding to the organization, receive orientation regarding to new developments. There station is also to provide advanc e notice of changes which affect the work of the volunteer and also provide guidance and direction. According to Albert, Flournoy and Lebrasseur (2009) to seek change and stability within a community, it is vital for the people in the community to live collectively, play, worship and work together. Since the station is an initiative by the

Womens Status in Colonial Society Essay Example for Free

Womens Status in Colonial Society Essay For many of the settlers coming to America they, obviously, had formed their own views and beliefs on the world, including the thought on the way of life and what it was intended to be. For most colonists in America they already shared a common opinion about women being inferior. However, the value of women has a slight increase due to scarceness. The status of women in the colonies, the roles women had taken with the religion aspect, and the required daily chores known as â€Å"women’s work† would eventually require a second look into the their contributions. Once many colonists became established and figured out the ways to live and survive in this New World also came forth many formed opinions on what the purpose of women would be in the colonies. John Winthrop insisted that a woman’s role was solely to adhere to her husband, obey his authority and find contentment within this. One Minister even stressed, â€Å"the woman is a weak creature not endowed with like strength and constancy of mind.† (Tindall and Shi 2010, 113) Due to social custom and legal codes women had little to no rights. The few exceptions for women to have any type of right or gain respect were if and only, it seemed, family circumstances required a woman to continue on the family reputation, business, or social standing. An example would be Elizabeth Lucas Pinckney (Tindall and Shi 2010, 114) who was highly educated and left to take care of her family while her father was absent. This led her to be known as Americas most enterprising horticulturist. Religion in the colonial era still had similar views about women within the Puritan denomination. As for Puritans they considered women to be â€Å"weak vessels† and also cited biblical passages that god required â€Å"virtuous† women to submit to male authority and remain silent in congregational matters. (Tindall and Shi 2010, 115) Unlike Quakers, who during this time considered women to be equal to men and allowed women to have a voice within the community. Women were even allowed to preach within the Quaker religion, but with that, no denomination allowed women to be ordained as ministers. It became apparent by the ministers that woman were the mass of the congregation, which worried them and led them to believe that a feminized church was a church in decline. This was argued by a Boston Minister, Cotton Mather (Tindall and Shi 2010, 115) who proclaimed that women were not the weaker of the sex, and that childbirth pain woman endured was not as punishment that woman paid for Eve’s sinfulness, was in part the reason and motivator for women to commit their lives to Christ. Thus showing how he came to this conclusion which was after his observation that there â€Å"are far more Godly women in the world rather than Godly men†. Women’s work in the eighteenth century, as for the same in the world today, never seemed to end. During the colonial time â€Å"women’s work† † included the duties, as some might say, would be to maintain the house, garden and farm. (Tindall and Shi 2010, 117) Other than taking care of the children and men, tending to the garden, cleaning the house and providing three meals for the day, some women went above and beyond their womanly duties. Women also found a way to accumulate the required necessities for living. They would make their own clothing, knit linen and cotton, make quilts, hem sheets, make candles and soap, haul water and they even chopped wood to ensure that they would have their firewood needed to provide a source of warmth when the time came. In the southern colonies, female indentured servants worked as field hands, weeding, hoeing and harvesting. (Tindall and Shi 2010, 117) The lack of men and being able to provide the labor needed in the colonies provided an opportunity for many women, despite the laws and traditional beliefs about woman being inferior or incapable. Due to the scarcity of women and the effects it made on creating instability on high orders in the past, led to laws protecting women. Such laws were created for protection from physical abuse, and permission for divorce. Other laws help maintain control over property they had tended to, property they had earned. While in this era woman played many roles. Showing their strength by doing what was expected and surpassing the â€Å"superior sex† by picking up the slack they always seemed to leave behind. Not only within the colonies, the religious conformity they maintained, or the daily tasks they endured for sake of the house hold, they opened a door, made a statement, by executing what needed to be done. Bibliography Tindall, George, and David Shi. America: A Narrative History. Volume I, 8th Edition. New York: W.W. Norton, 2010.

Langston Hughes, Prolific Writer Of Black Pride During The Harlem Renai

During a time where racism was at its height in America, Jim Crow laws separated blacks from mainstream white society. Where the notion of â€Å"separate but equal† was widely accepted in America, blacks were faced with adversity that they had to overcome in a race intolerant society. They were forced to face a system that compromised their freedom and rights. Blacks knew that equal was never equal and separate was definitely separate (George 8-9). Blacks had to fight for their rights because it wasn’t handed to them. Racism manifested itself on many levels and had to be fought on many levels. This gave rise to influential black leaders in the fight for civil rights. Langston Hughes was one of those black leaders who arose during the Harlem Renaissance. He gave his people a voice and encouraged pride and hope through his literary work, to overcome racial discrimination. Langston Hughes lived during the time of the Harlem Renaissance, an African American cultural movement of the early 1920s and 1930s that was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. It also came to be known as the New Negro movement, marked the first time that mainstream publishers and critics took African American literature seriously and that African American literature and arts attracted significant attention from the nation at large. Although it was primarily a literary movement, it was closely related to developments in African American music, theater, art, and politics. This was also the time of the â€Å"Great Migration†, where more blacks were migrating from the rural South to the urban North, to seek better jobs and lives for their families (George 62). This new identity blacks to gain a new social consciousness and opportunity that was not available ... ...a fifty seven story famous historic landmark building in New York. â€Å"I’ve been a singer: All the way from Africa to Georgia I carried my sorrow songs.† There have been many famous black singers who have made a name for themselves. Singing songs of the blues, gospel etc. telling their stories through melodies and soul. â€Å"I’ve been a victim: The Belgians cut off my hands in the Congo. They lynch me still in Mississippi.† Here Hughes shows that blacks have been objects of violent hate. But at the end of the poem Hughes repeats â€Å"I am a Negro: Black as the night is black, black like the depths of my Africa.† This shows that although blacks have been treated in ways in which no human should be treated. We still kept moving forward never giving up hope and faith, that a change would come. We have accomplished many things in our past and we can use this to motivate our future.

Health Issues in the Philippines Essay

Like any other third-world country, the Philippines have been struggling in some health issues and one of it is illegal drug use. A lot of Filipinos are addicted to prohibited drugs. However, the Philippine government has dealt with this issue and although there are still some recorded incidents of drug abuse, the number of drug dependents in the Philippines has gradually decreased. One major health issue in the Philippines, is malnutrition. There have been studies conducted and accordingly, most of the Filipinos that suffer from malnutrition are the poor ones. The Philippine government, thru the Department of Social Welfare and Developments along with the Department of Health has provided projects to help poor Filipinos from starvation. Other health issues in the Philippines are dengue cases, but then, these health concerns are only happening in the rural area of the country. Most of these cases are properly attended to by the Philippine government Health issues in the Philippines The Philippines have been struggling with some healthcare issues, one of the most noticeable being illegal drug use.There are a number of Filipinos who are said to be addicted to prohibited drugs. However, the Philippine governmenthas concentrated on this issue and although there are still some recorded incidents of drug abuse, the number of drug dependents has gradually decreased.Another serious health issue is malnutrition. Unsurprisingly, the poorer citizens are the ones who suffer from thiscondition. The Philippine government, through the Department of Social Welfare and Development and in conjunction with the Department of Health, has initiated projects to help its poorer citizens who suffer from starvation.Cases of dengue are also notable. However, most of these cases are properly attended to by the Philippine government.

An Analysis of Roberto Matta’s “Eat Us Sir Fire, Eat Us”

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Communication Climate Essays - Communication Theory, Free Essays

Communication Climate Essays - Communication Theory, Free Essays Communication Climate I have found that the communication climate at the company I have worked for the last seven years is a combination of bureaucratic, human and system theories. As the company sets the control by establishing rationale rules that regulate the entire organization, written documents like organizational charts, corporate manuals, operating instructions, job descriptions and so on, establish the law of the land virtually for all organizational activities. This makes bureaucratic theory the most visible structure of communication, since it goes downward, the instruction comes from management and most of the time the respond is by providing a report or chart that indicates the direction or result desire for the specific task. When most of the communication is vertical, there is horizontal communication activity in the organization, must of this taken place between groups that depends from one another and from employees which design and plan the different task in which the groups are currently working. All of this communication is needed since projects are accomplished by different groups, and meetings and working sessions are required to direct the ideas toward the same outcome desired. This horizontal communication is the closest we get to human relations theory. As for the system theory is also put in play because many of these groups are form in the base of resources, abilities, personalities and needs of the group members, in order to make more practical and efficient the results to accomplish the task in hand. I see myself as a member of the team looking for the best way to relate and communicate with my fellow coworkers, understanding that organizational communication differs from person to person. I am looking to learn, how to relate and absorb the messages that people in general send to me. I want and need to move forward, and I have understand that communication in all its different ways is the key to my development socially and professionally. The fact that English has been a second language to me for the last 15 years, it is very important to rich a label in which I feel confident in my working environment in which I perform in a daily basis.It has being difficult to accomplish a second grammar structure and a second pronunciation, very much different from my main language, this is the reason for this course, and also the fact of coming back to school has become a matter of self-motivation and closure.

7 Tips on How to Write a Reasonable Research Critique

7 Tips on How to Write a Reasonable Research Critique 7 Tips on How to Write a Reasonable Research Critique The major ‘key elements’ when writing a reasonable research critique are the study and criticism that are ultimately performed as well as the writing results. Some very simple tips in the sense of ‘magic rules’ are presented below. Tip #1. The collection of literature is typically gradual. For every book or article that we use, we follow the procedure below. First we perform a diagonal reading to determine the relationship of the text with our subject and the degree of the significance of the text. The evaluation of a text can also be done indirectly from the number of petitions, the size of literature, and the relation to the subject of research in the summary or results. Then we incorporate in our literature, some keywords for grouping related texts. Then they shall be read as references (i.e. fragments). Tip #2. Books are interesting in the early stages, as background reading. The articles show much more interest, because they present research results and because in order to write a research paper you should first read many others. Additionally, conferences articles are interesting when they are very recently written (e.g. 2-3 years maximum). Otherwise, there will probably be plenty of corresponding articles in academic journals by the same authors, which usually are more complete and organized. Tip #3. Articles or book chapters must be selected as the first group of interest together and be evaluated as a whole. In other words, several work teams internationally can be engaged in the same or similar subject, so you must decide what approaches are most interesting for your own work. Tip #4. Keep a brief note stuck on the article so as to remember the criticism you did. This is called horizontal or comparative reading. A good benchmark of research papers in a cognitive domain can be an interesting review article (review paper) especially if it is accompanied by repeatedly deeper criticism; comparison and experimental (or theoretical) results. Tip #5. Eventually, some articles or book chapters which you choose to analyze in depth are left (vertical reading). Such articles should be read carefully and you must try to reproduce their entire theoretical and experimental data. Take special care of them; not be boxed in intentional or unintentional oversights of the authors. There are always less well written articles. Also, you can try to get help from the authors (by e-mail). Besides, many times in the authors website you can find internal research reports, containing the results of articles in an expanded form. Tip #6. Generally, above all these tips, the composition of an article can at least in principle be achieved by ‘loans’ from other articles. ‘Loans’ may be reported on the structure, the experimental methodology, text parts etc. The necessary thing is the full reference to the source from which you got the ‘loan’. Tip #7. Finally, it is clarified that critic thought is inextricably linked to the object of analysis. If you need more professional research paper help online, visit our writing service and get a custom written paper online.

See the attachment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

See the attachment - Coursework Example It is the objective of this essay to proffer a strategy assessment of DHL Company, as a global organization, with the specific aims of addressing the following concerns: (1) an identification of the organization’s companywide strategy; (2) a determination of the specific aspect of the strategy being focused on; (3) the competitive advantages of DHL; (4) the competitive strategies employed; and (5) an exploration of any identified issues on global management. The analysis of the organization would be used analytical tools such as SWOT and PESTLE analysis for a more comprehensive illustration of its competitive advantage on a global scale. The management report is designed to proffer an assessment of the global strategy of DHL to be â€Å"The Logistics Company for the World† (DHL: Corporate Portrait, 2010) where focus would be on logistics and mail. The specific strategies to support the attainment of the global strategy would focus on improving customer orientation, a concentration on the digital and physical solutions in the dialog marketing, providing a more secure electronic communications system, improving employee involvement and commitment, promoting communications through cross-divisional experience and enhancing leadership culture through improving the incentive scheme. Particularly, DHL envisioned an expansion through â€Å"its airfreight operations in Asia in a move linked to the inauguration of its expanded central Asia hub in Hong Kong and the launch of its north Asia hub in Shanghai† (Wallis, 2008, p. 38). By identifying and enumerating the organization’s internal resources and the factors that influence its external environment through both SWOT and PESTLE analyses, the report would clearly indicate the viability of the global strategy to sustain leadership in the logistics industry. DHL Company boasts of being â€Å"an express shipping multinational company operating in

Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapies Assignment

Solution-Focused and Narrative Therapies - Assignment Example According to Nichols (2013), one of the roles of a therapist using Solution-Focused Therapy model involves interrogation of clients about their lives. The focus of such interrogation should limit at the intention of enabling clients to see and realize positive sides of their situation. Therapists have to ensure that their sequence of interrogation have the capability making clients identify and wish to try alternative solutions to the problems faced. Nichols (2013) adds that Solution-Focused therapists believe that clients seeking treatment are resourceful and resilient. This means that clients have unlimited options and abilities to solve their problems even without seeking for therapists’ help. The only impedance against realization and practicing of the option is negative perception and view of given problems. Such perceptions are what make clients insist on single strategies to resolve problems despite them being ineffective. Here, the role of therapists is to empower and persuade clients to explore their resourcefulness and resilience through series of questions and discussions that avoid indulgence on the problems faced. Therapists only guide the process but do not lead in identifying change and solutions to their problems. Just as demonstrated under Solution-Focused Therapy model, therapists applying Narrative Therapy also have certain roles to play during treatment. One of the roles played by therapists applying Narrative Therapy is to initiate clients into telling stories about their pasts. This helps therapists to analyze the whole life experiences of clients and identify elements that could be maintaining problems. Another role of therapists in Narrative Therapy is to help clients overcome indoctrination into self-defeating views and narrow views about selves. In some instances, it becomes necessary for Solution-Focused therapists to mobilize resources for clients.  

Research paper on Masaaki Suzuki Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On Masaaki Suzuki - Research Paper Example The World War II was a disaster for his family, as his father’s music factory was bombed and he also tragically lost his brother in the war. Left penniless and without his teaching job, his family moved to a nearby city, where Suzuki started constructing wooden planes to raise some money. However, he continued teaching orphaned kids and later on adopted one of his students, developing teaching strategies and methodologies with his assistance. He combined the practical teaching applications of his, with traditional Asian philosophy concepts. His contributions to the field of pedagogy are worth mentioning. Suzuki also collaborated with other thinkers of his time, like Glenn Doman, founder of The Institutes for the Achievement of Human Potential, an organization that studied neurological development in young children. â€Å"Suzuki and Doman agreed on the premise that all young children had great potential† (jameslogancourier.org). Suzuki was also a national patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity. For his many contributions, the Emperor of Japan appointed Suzuki to the order of the National Treasure. He died in the year 1998 at the age of 99. His Contributions Suzuki developed his ideas through "Talent Education", a method of instruction which he developed. Basing his method on the role of mother tongue in any learning process, he remarked, â€Å"Though still in an experimental stage, Talent Education has realized that all children in the world show their splendid capacities by speaking and understanding their mother language, thus displaying the original power of the human mind†( qtd. by Behrend 3). He believed that native language method holds the key to human development, and noted that children, whether they are born in German or Japanese households, will naturally learn to speak their mother tongue in a more effective manner. This is because, children will be mainly influenced by what they are exposed to or learn in their childhood. On the same lines, he concluded that all the children can exhibit and develop musical ability, and the environment in which they live and thrive, will mainly influence that development. Suzuki has applied this method through Talent Education to teach music to children. That is, children were taken without previous aptitude or intelligence test of any kind, and are brought into a learning environment. Through this process, he understood that everyone will not be able to achieve same level of proficiency and achievement, however, each one can achieve developments and skill that will be equivalent of his language proficiency in other fields. With this hypothesis, Suzuki believed that talent is not something that is inborn, but that can be created or developed. He felt that children can learn music the same way they learn their mother tongue. He called this process a Mother Tongue method. According to him, through this method, children will not only be able to learn music, but will be able to play music at high standards. His motive was not only training but also overall development of the child as an individual. His Methodologies He explained that he does not train children who are prodigies, neither are they gifted with an inherent talent nor their parents are professional musicians. He stated that if parents adopt his approach of music learning, and keep on repeating in

Identifying Bacteria Essay Example for Free

Identifying Bacteria Essay Bacteria identification is accomplished in a number of ways. Two common tools microbiologists use to identify unknown bacteria include dichotomous key and biochemical tests. The dichotomous key is useful when a microbiologist only needs to know which group an unknown microbe belongs to on a general level. When a microbiologist needs to identify a specific bacterium, biochemical tests are used. PART ONE: GENERAL BACTERIA IDENTIFICATION Review the dichotomous key in Figure A, the bacterial shapes in Figure B, and the Gram stain information below. You will use all three to determine to which major group unknown bacteria belong. Gram Stain Results: Purple = Gram positive Red = Gram negative Neither purple nor red = No cell wall (neither Gram positive nor Gram negative) Review Figure C on the following page. Use Figure C to identify the type of arrangement displayed by the unknown bacteria. Read through the Sample Identification on the following page for an example of how to identify bacterial groups and arrangements using Figures A, B, C, and the Gram stain results. Sample Identification After performing a Gram stain, you observe the following under a microscope: (Cells are stained red.) Begin with item 1 on the dichotomous key (Figure A). Because the organisms  are red, they are not Gram-positive. According to the key, continue to item 3. Because the organism is red (not clear or another color), it is indeed Gram-negative according to item 3. The key directs you to item 5. Consider the shape of individual cells for item 5. According to Figure B, the shape type is closest to spherical. (Note: spherical is circular.) The bacteria belong to the Gram-negative cocci group. Now use Figure C to describe arrangement of bacteria. (The bacteria are not rod- or club-shaped, so focus on the cocci arrangements.) Identify the arrangement that is most prominent. The bacteria are arranged in a diplo- fashion. Enter the group and arrangement in the table. Application Use Figures A, B, C, and Gram stain results to identify group and arrangement of bacteria. Continue to Part Two after completing the table. View from Microscope Group of Bacteria Arrangement (stained red) Gram-negative cocci Diplo- (stained purple) (stained purple) (stained red) (stained red) (stained purple) (stained purple) PART TWO: CAse study scenario: identify specific bacteria through biochemical testing To gain an understanding of the processes involved with identifying bacteria through biochemical tests, access Chapter 6 of the text in WileyPlus located on the Week One course page. Once in WileyPlus (Chapter 6), select the â€Å"Bacterial Identification by API† link located under the heading, Take Another Look. Once selected, review the information and watch the Flash-animated movie (animation) located within this link. Then, review the following scenario and answer the questions that follow. Case Study A recent outbreak of food poisoning has occurred in a community. One possible source of contamination may be the produce that is grown and distributed locally at a farmer’s market. A test sample of some of the produce revealed evidence of bacterial contamination. The bacteria sample was tested in a microbiology lab and showed the results that follow. The laboratory also performed a Gram stain of the isolated bacteria and ran a number of biochemical tests to aid identification. The biochemical tests were assayed using the Analytical Profile Index (API) 20E system for identification of Enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacteria. Figure 1. Microbiology laboratory results – Unknown bacteria present on produce (API Results) Figure 2. API Results of Unknown Bacteria in Text Format Gram stain: Gram-negative Based on Gram stain results and the knowledge that this bacterium caused food poisoning, the laboratory is able to narrow down the possibilities to three bacterial strains. Figure 3 shows the API results: Figure 3. API Results of Known Bacterial Strains in Text Format Gram stain Application Compare the API biochemical test results in Figure 2 (unknown bacteria from  produce) with API test results in Figure 3 (known bacterial strains identified in the gray boxes on the left). The bacterial strain in Figure 3 that matches Figure 2 will identify the bacterial strain causing illness. Based upon your observations, which of the bacteria in Figure 3 is the most likely cause of the food poisoning outbreak?

Does King Lear Play The Tragic :: essays research papers

Does King Lear Play the Tragic Hero, or the Autocrat? It is quite possible to make an argument in favour of either answer, an argument that would prove to be quite a debate, although one answer would weigh in favour of the other. To prove this, certain elements would have to be analysed thoroughly, all aspects taken into context and sufficient research done into the matter. This is the only method in which a fair debate of the argument can be taken into consideration. We can only find the answer to this question if we know what the two arguments mean; this will provide a solid base onto which the rest of the debate can rest, a foundation of fact. Aristotle, a great founder of the definition of tragedy used the word catharsis to describe the effects of true tragedy on the spectator. Aristotle stated that the purpose of tragedy was to invoke pity and terror, and thereby effect the catharsis of these emotions. Other critics see tragedy as a moral lesson in which fear and pity are excited by the tragic hero’s fate serve to warn the spectator not to similarly tempt providence. This interpretation is generally accepted that through experiencing fear vicariously in a controlled situation, the spectators own anxieties are directed outward, and, through sympathetic identification was the protagonist, his insight and outlook are enlarged. Also, as importantly and significantly, Aristotle introduced the term hamartia, the tragic flaw, or an inherent defect or shortcoming in the hero of a tragedy. Aristotle casually described the tragic hero as a man of noble rank and nature whose misfortune is not brought upon him by villainy or corruption, but by some error of judgement. This imperfection later became known, or interpreted as a moral flaw, although most great tragedies defy such a simple distinction of the term. We could say that in many cases of tragedy the hero is never passive, but struggles to resolve his tragic difficulty with an obsessive dedication, that he is guilty of presuming that he is godlike, attempting to surpass his own human limitations. The need, or lack of order in a society, could be a reason why the tragedy came to be, and is known in Greek terms as hubris. This ethical and religious thought portrays the resulting implications of impious disregard of the limits governing human action in an orderly universe. It is the sin to which the great and the gifted are most susceptible, and in Greek tragedy is usually the hero’s tragic flaw.

Math Paper

Derp university Derp derpington Human Resource Management Research Paper is Business Mathematics 101 1st Tri Semester SY 2011-2012 Ms. derpina derp TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTii TOPICS Simple Discount1 Simple Interest2 Four types of Interest available3 Compounded Amount and Compound Interest4 Linear Programming Problems * Maximization6 * Minimization8 Forecasting by Trend Projection10 Acknowledgement I would like to thank God for guiding and giving me motivation to do this math research paper; my friends for answering my questions about this paper; Dr. Masajo for giving me the opportunity to gain more knowledge; and my mother to constantly remind me to do better in college. I would like to thank my mentor, Ms. Grace Chong, for being my mentor and to aid me in my college life. Simple Discount Find the present value of $3800 due in 6 months at 7% discount rate. A) F = $3800 d = 7% = . 07 t = 6 / 12 = 1/2 Formula: D = Fdt Solution: D = $3800 (. 07) (1/2) D = $133 P = F – D P = $3800 – $133 P = $3667 Discount $2056. 80 for 85 days at a discount rate of 6 ? % B) F = 2056. 80 d = 6 ? % = . 065 t = 85 / 360 = 17 / 72 years Formula: D = Fdt Solution: D = $2056. 80 (. 065) (17/72) D = $31. 57 P = F – D P = $2056. 80 – $31. 57 P = $2025. 13 Simple Interest Find simple interest on $10,000 at the rate of 5% for 5 years. Also find the amount for 5 years. A) P = $10,000 R = 5% = . 05 T = 5 years = n = 5 I = PRT I = $10,000 (. 05) (5) I = $2500 A = P + I A = $10,000 + $2500 A = $12,500 Find simple interest on $15,600 for 1 ? years at the rate of 8% per annum. Also find total amount. B) P = $15,600 R = 8% = . 08 T = 1 ? = n = 1 ? I = PRT I = $15,600 (. 08) (1? ) I = $1872 A = P + I A = $15,600 + $1872 A = $17472 4 Types of Interest Available Find the different interest on $1000 at 6% from June 23 2011 to September 21 2015. A) Approximate number of days: Year: 2015 – 2011 = 4 Month: 8 – 6 = 2 Days: 51 – 23 = 28 4 x 360 = 1440 2 x 30 = 60 28 = 28 = 1528 Days B) Actual Number of days: 4 years x 365 days = 1463 days January 30 – June 23 = 173 days January 30 – September 21 = 263 days 1463 Days – 173 days = 1287 days 1287 Days + 263 days = 1550 days = 1550 days C) Io interest for approximate number of days: Io = PRT = $1000 (. 06) (1528/360) Io = $254. 67 D) Ie interest for approximate number of days: Ie = PRT = $1000 (. 06) (1528/365) Ie = $251. 8 E) Io interest for actual number of days: Io = PRT = $1000 (. 06) (1550/360) Io = $258. 33 F) Ie Interest for actual number of days: Ie = PRT = $1000 (. 06) (1528/365) Ie = $254. 79 Compounded amount and Compounded interest Find the Compounded amount and compounded interest of $1000 at 7% for 3 years A) B) Compounded Annually P = $1000 R = 7% = . 07 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 1 = 3 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1000 (1+0. 7) ^ 3 A = $1225. 043 I = A – P I = $1225. 043 – $1000 I = $225. 043 C) Compounded Semi – Annually P = $1000 R = 7 / 2 % = 3. 5 = . 035 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 2 = 6 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1000 (1+0. 5) ^ 6 A = $1229. 36 I = A – P I = $1229. 36 – $1000 I = $229. 36 D) Compounded Quarterly P = $1000 R = 7 / 4% = 1. 75 = . 0175 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 4 = 12 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1000 (1+0. 175) ^ 12 A = $1231. 44 I = A – P I = $1231. 44 – $1000 I = $231. 44 E) Compounded Monthly P = $1000 R = 7 / 12% = . 5833 = . 00583 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 12 = 36 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1000 (1+. 00583) ^ 36 A = $1232. 78 I = A – P I = $1232. 78 – $1000 I = $232. 78 Compounded amount and Compounded interest Find the Compounded amount and compounded interest of $1500 at 5% for 3 years A) B) Compounded Annually P = $1500 R = 5% = . 05 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 1 = 3 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1500 (1+. 05) ^ 3 A = $1736. 4375 I = A – P I = $1736. 4375 – $1500 I = $236. 4375 C) Compounded Semi – Annually P = $1500 R = 5 / 2 % = 2. 5 = . 025 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 2 = 6 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1500 (1+. 025) ^ 6 A = $1739. 540127 I = A – P I = $1739. 540127 – $1500 I = $739. 540127 D) Compounded Quarterly P = $1500 R = 5 / 4% = 1. 25 = . 0125 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 4 = 12 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1500 (1+. 0125) ^ 12 A = $1741. 131777 I = A – P I = $1741. 131777 – $1500 I = $741. 131777 E) Compounded Monthly P = $1500 R = 5 / 12% = . 41666 = . 00416 T = 3 years = N = 3 x 12 = 36 A = P (1+i) ^ n A = $1500 (1+. 00416) ^ 36 A = $1741. 792 I = A – P I = $1741. 792 – $1500 I = $741. 792 Linear Programming Problems (Maximization) Levi’s Jeans manufacturing company purchase2 styles of jeans, style X and style Y, which sell for $90 and $75 appropriately. Unit production test for style X is $40 and for style Y $35. Raw materials available monthly are 90 meters while processing time at a max of 70 hours per week. Style X jeans made 3 meters of materials and 2 for processing them. For style Y, 2 meters and 2 for processing. Style X market demand is no more than 40 per week. How many of each style should be produced in each week in order to make profit maximum? | Style X| Style Y| Total Available| RM| 3| 2| 90| PT| 2| 2| 70| MD| 40| | | | Style X| Style Y| USP| $90| $75| UPE| 40| 35| UBM| $50| $40| Composition of linear programming problems: I. Decision Variable X = Number of style X to be produced weekly Y = Number of style Y to be produced weekly II. Objective Function Maximum Profit (Z): Z = $50X+$40Y III. Subjects & Constraints: RM = 3X+2Y < 90PT = 2X+2Y < 70 MD = X < 40X; Y > 0 IV. Graphical Solutions A) By intercept B) Graphical presentations and points A intersection between 2 lines C) Testing the curve of the convex polygon formed form the objective function V. Decision Raw Materials: 3X+2Y < 90 X = 30 Y = 45 Processing Time: 2X+2Y < 70 X = 35 Y = 35 Market Demand: X = 40 A) Z = $50X + $40Y = $50(0) + $40(35) =$1400 B) Z = $50X + $40Y = $50(20) + $40(75) =$1600 C) Z = $50X + $40Y = $50(30) + $40(0) =$1500 Choose B. Decision: The Levi’s manufacturing company must produce 20 pieces of style X and 50 pieces of style Y to have a maximum profit of $1600. Linear Programming Problems (Minimization) Mrs. Smith mining company owns two mines grading ores graded into 3 classes. High grade (H), Medium grade (M) and low grade (L). The company is tied with a contract to provide a smelting plant with 12 tons of (H), 8 tons of (M), and 24 tons of (L) per week. It costs $2000 per day to run mine 1 and $1600 per day to run mine 2. In a day operation, Mine 1 produces 6 tons of (H), 2 tons of (M) and 4 tons of (L). While mine 2 produces 2 tons of (H); 2 tons of (M) and 12 tons of (L). How many days a week should each mines operation to fulfil company’s commitment most economically? | Mine 1| Mine 2| Total Available| H| 6| 2| 12| M| 2| 2| 8| L| 4| 12| 24| Cost| $2000| $1600| | I. Decision Variables: X = Number of days to run mine 1 Y = Number of days to run mine 2 II. Objective Functions: Minimum Cost = $2000X + $1600Y III. Subjects to Constraints: H = 6X + 2Y > 12 M = 2X + 2Y > 8 L = 4X + 12Y > 24 X; Y < 0 IV. Graphical Solutions H = 6X + 2Y > 12M = 2X + 2Y > 8L = 4X + 12Y > 24 X = 2 Y = 6X = 4 Y = 4X = 6 Y = 2 P1 (0,6) Min C = $2000(0) + $1600(6) = $9600 P2 (1,3) Min C = $2000(1) + $1600(3) = $6800 P3 (3,1) Min C = $2000(3) + $1600(1) = $7600 P4 (6,0) Min C = $2000(6) + $1600(0) = $12000 Choose P2 V. Decision: Mrs. Smith’s mining company should run mine 1 for 1 day and Mine 2 for 3 days in order to have a minimum cost of $6800. Forecasting by Trend Projection Forecast and graph the production of rice in the Philippines for the years 2012 and 2015 of the annual production of rice from year 2000 to year 2010. Year (N)| Production of Rice (Y)| X| XY| Y’| X^2| 2000| 20| 0| 0| | 0| 2001| 22| 1| 22| | 1| 2002| 18| 2| 36| | 4| 2003| 19| 3| 57| | 9| 2004| 21| 4| 84| | 16| 2005| 24| 5| 120| | 25| 2006| 22| 6| 132| | 36| 2007| 26| 7| 182| | 49| 2008| 28| 8| 224| | 64| 2009| 25| 9| 225| | 81| 010| 30| 10| 300| | 100| | ? (Y) = 255| ? (X) = 55| ? (XY)=1382| | ? (X^2) = 385| 2 Normal Equations: ?(Y) = NA + B? (X)Equation 1 ?(XY) = A? (X) + B? (X^2)Equation 2 Solve for B) 255 = 11A + 55B (-5) 1382 = 55A + 385B -1275 = -55A – 275B 1382 = 55A + 385B 107 /100 = 110B /100 B = . 97272727 Solve for A) 255 = 11A + 55B 11A + 55B = 255 11A +55(. 97272727) = 255 11A + 5 3. 5 = 255 11 A = 255 – 53. 5 11A /11 = 201. 5 /11 A = 18. 31818182 A = 18. 32 B = 0. 97 Formula Y’ = A+Bx Year 2000 = 18. 32 + 0. 97(0) Y’ = 18. 32 Year 2001 = 18. 32 + 0. 97(1) Y’ = 19. 29 Year 2002 = 18. 32 + 0. 92(2) Y’ = 20. 6 Year 2003 = 21. 23 Year 2004 = 22. 2 Year 2005 = 23. 17 Year 2006 = 24. 14 Year 2007 = 25. 11 Year 2008 = 26. 08 Year 2009 = 27. 05 Year 2010 = 28. 02 In the table: Year (N)| Production of Rice (Y)| X| XY| Y’| X^2| 2000| 20| 0| 0| 18. 32| 0| 2001| 22| 1| 22| 19. 29| 1| 2002| 18| 2| 36| 20. 26| 4| 2003| 19| 3| 57| 21. 23| 9| 2004| 21| 4| 84| 22. 2| 16| 2005| 24| 5| 120| 23. 17| 25| 2006| 22| 6| 132| 24. 14| 36| 2007| 26| 7| 182| 25. 11| 49| 2008| 28| 8| 224| 26. 08| 64| 2009| 25| 9| 225| 27. 05| 81| 2010| 30| 10| 300| 28. 02| 100| | ? (Y) = 255| ? (X) = 55| ? (XY)=1382| | ? (X^2) = 385|

Child Development of Infant Toy Essay

We were given the assignment to create toy for a baby from things available in a home. I chose to create a toy for babies in the late infancy stage. My toys are â€Å"Noise shakers†. I took three water bottles, took off their wrappers, and in each one I added different things to create different sounds. In one bottle I put bells, in another bottle I put rice, and then in my 3rd bottle I added colorful craft beads. I filled all three bottles half way so there was room for the objects to move freely and create their different sounds. I then used something called Gorilla glue to attach the bottle caps. After that I covered the cap with two layers of colorful duct tape, so that it was extra secure, as well as adding color to the cap area. The age for this toy is 12 to 36 months. It falls in Piaget’s sensorimotor stage and the early part of the preoperational stage. Although this toy would not be for under 12 months or above 36 months. During the sensorimotor stage between 12 and 18 months â€Å"infants develop new behaviors that allow them to achieve their goals. Although the child still repeats actions over and over, now he does it with a planned variation to see what happened when I do this!† (P, 235/Levine). For example, the child will think, â€Å"when I shake this bottle I hear the sound†. This toy will stimulate the child’s senses; when the baby shakes it, it makes a sound. Also, these bottles have a soft but bumpy texture to the touch. This is important, because infants/young children take in information from their sense. This toy will encourage their growth of symbolic activity. When shaking these bottles, the young child will pretend they are different musical instruments; this is symbolic because they use one object to represent another. Piaget states that â€Å"During the Cognitive Development Theory stage 6 (18 months to 2 years) the beginning of thought, children seem to think out situations more internally, before they act.† (p.94/ Crain). The developmental theory that informed the design of this toy falls under Piaget’s Cognitive- Developmental Theory, and the Development of the Senses, along with increased sensor-motor intelligence. When the baby shakes each bottle it gives a different sound, the child will shake one and hear bells, then shake the bottle containing rice and get that sound. They learn their actions get different results. The child develops their own schemes due to their own curiosity. Citation: Child Development: An Active Learning Experience/ Levine, Laura/ Sage publishing/ 2011 Theories of Development: Concepts and Applications/ Crain, William/ 2nd Edition/ 1985 Photo of Toy: